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Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have substantially improved dermatologists' diagnostic accuracy for melanoma, with explainable AI (XAI) systems further enhancing clinicians' confidence and trust in AI-driven decisions. Despite these…

Since its renaissance, deep learning has been widely used in various medical imaging tasks and has achieved remarkable success in many medical imaging applications, thereby propelling us into the so-called artificial intelligence (AI) era.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-08 S. Kevin Zhou , Hayit Greenspan , Christos Davatzikos , James S. Duncan , Bram van Ginneken , Anant Madabhushi , Jerry L. Prince , Daniel Rueckert , Ronald M. Summers

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is based on theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. In this context, deep learning is a family of computational methods that allow an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Mario Coccia

In the present paper we present the potential of Explainable Artificial Intelligence methods for decision-support in medical image analysis scenarios. With three types of explainable methods applied to the same medical image data set our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Samanta Knapič , Avleen Malhi , Rohit Saluja , Kary Främling

Despite promising developments in Explainable Artificial Intelligence, the practical value of XAI methods remains under-explored and insufficiently validated in real-world settings. Robust and context-aware evaluation is essential, not only…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ivania Donoso-Guzmán , Kristýna Sirka Kacafírková , Maxwell Szymanski , An Jacobs , Denis Parra , Katrien Verbert

Smart home systems are gaining popularity as homeowners strive to enhance their living and working environments while minimizing energy consumption. However, the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled decision-making models in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Md Shajalal , Alexander Boden , Gunnar Stevens , Delong Du , Dean-Robin Kern

With the rapid advance of computer graphics and artificial intelligence technologies, the ways we interact with the world have undergone a transformative shift. Virtual Reality (VR) technology, aided by artificial intelligence (AI), has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Yixuan Wu , Kaiyuan Hu , Danny Z. Chen , Jian Wu

As AI systems are increasingly deployed to support decision-making in critical domains, explainability has become a means to enhance the understandability of these outputs and enable users to make more informed and conscious choices.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Maria J. P. Peixoto , Akriti Pandey , Ahsan Zaman , Peter R. Lewis

Machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and artificial intelligence (AI) are of increasing importance in biomedicine. The goal of this work is to show progress in ML in digital health, to exemplify future needs and trends, and to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Fabian V. Filipp

The translation of artificial intelligence (AI) systems into clinical practice requires bridging fundamental gaps between explainable AI theory, clinician expectations, and governance requirements. While conceptual frameworks define what…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Alexander Bakumenko , Aaron J. Masino , Janine Hoelscher

Mental health constitutes a complex and pervasive global challenge, affecting millions of lives and often leading to severe consequences. In this paper, we conduct a thorough survey to explore the intersection of data science, artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yusif Ibrahimov , Tarique Anwar , Tommy Yuan

Artificial intelligence-augmented technology represents a considerable opportunity for improving healthcare delivery. Significant progress has been made to demonstrate the value of complex models to enhance clinicians` efficiency in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Mohammad Golam Kibria , Lauren Kucirka , Javed Mostafa

Objectives: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare promises to revolutionize patient care, diagnostics, and treatment protocols. Collaborative efforts among healthcare systems, research institutions, and industry are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiancheng Ye , Michelle Ma , Malak Abuhashish

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is poised to transform healthcare delivery through revolutionary advances in clinical decision support and diagnostic capabilities. While human expertise remains foundational to medical practice, AI-powered…

AI systems have seen significant adoption in various domains. At the same time, further adoption in some domains is hindered by inability to fully trust an AI system that it will not harm a human. Besides the concerns for fairness, privacy,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Amit Sheth , Manas Gaur , Kaushik Roy , Keyur Faldu

Although machine learning (ML) models of AI achieve high performances in medicine, they are not free of errors. Empowering clinicians to identify incorrect model recommendations is crucial for engendering trust in medical AI. Explainable AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Isil Guzey , Ozlem Ucar , Nukhet Aladag Ciftdemir , Betul Acunas

While explainable AI (XAI) is often heralded as a means to enhance transparency and trustworthiness in closed-loop neurotechnology for psychiatric and neurological conditions, its real-world prevalence remains low. Moreover, empirical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Laura Schopp , Ambra DImperio , Jalal Etesami , Marcello Ienca

Black-box deep learning approaches have showcased significant potential in the realm of medical image analysis. However, the stringent trustworthiness requirements intrinsic to the medical field have catalyzed research into the utilization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Yequan Bie , Luyang Luo , Hao Chen

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a broad field that is upturning mental health care in many ways, from addressing anxiety, depression, and stress to increasing access, personalization of treatment, and real-time monitoring that enhances…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Hari Mohan Pandey

As autonomous technologies increasingly shape maritime operations, understanding why an AI system makes a decision becomes as crucial as what it decides. In complex and dynamic maritime environments, trust in AI depends not only on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Doreen Jirak , Pieter Maes , Armeen Saroukanoff , Dirk van Rooy