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Token pruning has emerged as a mainstream approach for developing efficient Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs). This work revisits and advances the two predominant token-pruning paradigms: attention-based selection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shukang Yin , Sirui Zhao , Hanchao Wang , Baozhi Jia , Xianquan Wang , Chaoyou Fu , Enhong Chen

Vision token pruning has proven to be an effective acceleration technique for the efficient Vision Language Model (VLM). However, existing pruning methods demonstrate excellent performance preservation in visual question answering (VQA) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yihong Huang , Fei Ma , Yihua Shao , Jingcai Guo , Zitong Yu , Laizhong Cui , Qi Tian

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong promise on Optical Character Recognition (OCR), yet the sheer number of visual tokens required to encode dense documents incurs prohibitive inference cost. Existing pruning methods rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zihan Tang , Leqi Shen , Hui Chen , Ao Wang , Ben Wan , Yan Feng , Ke Zhang , Sicheng Zhao , Tongxuan Liu , Guiguang Ding

Visual tokens dominate inference cost in vision-language models (VLMs), yet many carry redundant information. Existing pruning methods alleviate this but typically rely on attention magnitude or similarity scores. We reformulate visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Landi He , Xiaoyu Yang , Lijian Xu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown impressive performance in computer vision, but their high computational cost, quadratic in the number of tokens, limits their adoption in computation-constrained applications. However, this large number…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Yifei Liu , Mathias Gehrig , Nico Messikommer , Marco Cannici , Davide Scaramuzza

Recent advancements in vision-language models (VLMs) have improved performance by increasing the number of visual tokens, which are often significantly longer than text tokens. However, we observe that most real-world scenarios do not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Senqiao Yang , Junyi Li , Xin Lai , Bei Yu , Hengshuang Zhao , Jiaya Jia

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive performance in understanding visual content with language instruction by converting visual inputs to vision tokens. However, redundancy in vision tokens results in the degraded inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sixun Dong , Juhua Hu , Mian Zhang , Ming Yin , Yanjie Fu , Qi Qian

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across various visual understanding and reasoning tasks, driven by incorporating image representations into the token inputs of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kevin Y. Li , Sachin Goyal , Joao D. Semedo , J. Zico Kolter

Although large vision-language models (LVLMs) leverage rich visual token representations to achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks, these tokens also introduce significant computational overhead during inference. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yichen Guo , Hanze Li , Zonghao Zhang , Jinhao You , Kai Tang , Xiande Huang

Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) have achieved remarkable results in video understanding tasks. However, they often suffer from heavy computational overhead due to the large number of visual tokens generated from multiple video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Fengyuan Sun , Leqi Shen , Hui Chen , Sicheng Zhao , Jungong Han , Guiguang Ding

Vision transformers have achieved significant improvements on various vision tasks but their quadratic interactions between tokens significantly reduce computational efficiency. Many pruning methods have been proposed to remove redundant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Sifan Long , Zhen Zhao , Jimin Pi , Shengsheng Wang , Jingdong Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) leverage aligned visual encoders to transform images into visual tokens, allowing them to be processed similarly to text by the backbone large language model (LLM). This unified input paradigm enables VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Bangzheng Li , Fei Wang , Wenxuan Zhou , Nan Xu , Ben Zhou , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Muhao Chen

State Space Models (SSMs) have the advantage of keeping linear computational complexity compared to attention modules in transformers, and have been applied to vision tasks as a new type of powerful vision foundation model. Inspired by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Zheng Zhan , Zhenglun Kong , Yifan Gong , Yushu Wu , Zichong Meng , Hangyu Zheng , Xuan Shen , Stratis Ioannidis , Wei Niu , Pu Zhao , Yanzhi Wang

Vision tokens in multimodal large language models often dominate huge computational overhead due to their excessive length compared to linguistic modality. Abundant recent methods aim to solve this problem with token pruning, which first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Zichen Wen , Yifeng Gao , Shaobo Wang , Junyuan Zhang , Qintong Zhang , Weijia Li , Conghui He , Linfeng Zhang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in visual-language tasks but face significant deployment challenges due to their high computational demands. While recent token reduction methods show promise for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Bingxin Xu , Yuzhang Shang , Yunhao Ge , Qian Lou , Yan Yan

Video large language models (Vid-LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in understanding video content. However, their reliance on dense video token representations introduces substantial memory and computational overhead in both prefilling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Yicheng Ji , Jun Zhang , Heming Xia , Jinpeng Chen , Lidan Shou , Gang Chen , Huan Li

Multimodal large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in 2D vision, motivating their extension to 3D scene understanding. Recent studies represent 3D scenes as 3D spatial videos composed of image sequences with depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Han Li , Zehao Huang , Jiahui Fu , Naiyan Wang , Si Liu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable performance for cross-modal understanding and generation, yet still suffer from severe inference costs. Recently, abundant works have been proposed to solve this problem with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zichen Wen , Yifeng Gao , Weijia Li , Conghui He , Linfeng Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable promise in robotics manipulation, yet their high computational cost hinders real-time deployment. Existing token pruning methods suffer from a fundamental trade-off: aggressive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yixu Feng , Zinan Zhao , Yanxiang Ma , Chenghao Xia , Chengbin Du , Yunke Wang , Chang Xu

Vision encoders serve as the cornerstone of multimodal understanding. Single-encoder architectures like CLIP exhibit inherent constraints in generalizing across diverse multimodal tasks, while recent multi-encoder fusion methods introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yuchen Liu , Yaoming Wang , Bowen Shi , Xiaopeng Zhang , Wenrui Dai , Chenglin Li , Hongkai Xiong , Qi Tian