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Variational autoencoders (VAE) are powerful generative models that learn the latent representations of input data as random variables. Recent studies show that VAE can flexibly learn the complex temporal dynamics of time series and achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Borui Cai , Shuiqiao Yang , Longxiang Gao , Yong Xiang

Boltzmann machines are powerful distributions that have been shown to be an effective prior over binary latent variables in variational autoencoders (VAEs). However, previous methods for training discrete VAEs have used the evidence lower…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-17 Arash Vahdat , Evgeny Andriyash , William G. Macready

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) were originally motivated (Kingma & Welling, 2014) as probabilistic generative models in which one performs approximate Bayesian inference. The proposal of $\beta$-VAEs (Higgins et al., 2017) breaks this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-10 Tim Z. Xiao , Robert Bamler

Recently there has been an increased interest in unsupervised learning of disentangled representations using the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) framework. Most of the existing work has focused largely on modifying the variational cost…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-12 Jan Stühmer , Richard E. Turner , Sebastian Nowozin

The posterior collapse phenomenon in variational autoencoder (VAE), where the variational posterior distribution closely matches the prior distribution, can hinder the quality of the learned latent variables. As a consequence of posterior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-14 Hien Dang , Tho Tran , Tan Nguyen , Nhat Ho

We introduce nested diffusion models, an efficient and powerful hierarchical generative framework that substantially enhances the generation quality of diffusion models, particularly for images of complex scenes. Our approach employs a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Xiao Zhang , Ruoxi Jiang , Rebecca Willett , Michael Maire

Probabilistic models with hierarchical-latent-variable structures provide state-of-the-art results amongst non-autoregressive, unsupervised density-based models. However, the most common approach to training such models based on Variational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-09 Benoit Gaujac , Ilya Feige , David Barber

Normalizing flows, autoregressive models, variational autoencoders (VAEs), and deep energy-based models are among competing likelihood-based frameworks for deep generative learning. Among them, VAEs have the advantage of fast and tractable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-11 Arash Vahdat , Jan Kautz

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a popular model for density estimation and representation learning. Canonically, the variational principle suggests to prefer an expressive inference model so that the variational approximation is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-10 Rui Shu , Hung H. Bui , Shengjia Zhao , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Stefano Ermon

Multimodal variational autoencoders have demonstrated their ability to learn the relationships between different modalities by mapping them into a latent representation. Their design and capacity to perform any-to-any conditional and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Daniel Wesego , Pedram Rooshenas

Diffusion models may be viewed as hierarchical variational autoencoders (VAEs) with two improvements: parameter sharing for the conditional distributions in the generative process and efficient computation of the loss as independent terms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Beatrix M. G. Nielsen , Anders Christensen , Andrea Dittadi , Ole Winther

We present a generative modeling approach based on the variational inference framework for likelihood-free simulation-based inference. The method leverages latent variables within variational autoencoders to efficiently estimate complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Mayank Nautiyal , Andrey Shternshis , Andreas Hellander , Prashant Singh

Multi-step stock price prediction over a long-term horizon is crucial for forecasting its volatility, allowing financial institutions to price and hedge derivatives, and banks to quantify the risk in their trading books. Additionally, most…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-10-31 Kelvin J. L. Koa , Yunshan Ma , Ritchie Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Variational autoencoders (VAEs), that are built upon deep neural networks have emerged as popular generative models in computer vision. Most of the work towards improving variational autoencoders has focused mainly on making the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-17 Siddharth Agrawal , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Purpose: Handling heterogeneous and mixed data types has become increasingly critical with the exponential growth in real-world databases. While deep generative models attempt to merge diverse data views into a common latent space, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Alejandro Guerrero-López , Carlos Sevilla-Salcedo , Vanessa Gómez-Verdejo , Pablo M. Olmos

Adapting pretrained diffusion models to downstream objectives such as inverse problems often requires expensive test-time guidance or optimization. We propose a principled framework for generating high-quality reward-aligned samples at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kushagra Pandey , Farrin Marouf Sofian , Jan Niklas Groeneveld , Felix Draxler , Stephan Mandt

The variational autoencoder (VAE; Kingma, Welling (2014)) is a recently proposed generative model pairing a top-down generative network with a bottom-up recognition network which approximates posterior inference. It typically makes strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Yuri Burda , Roger Grosse , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a simple and efficient generative artificial intelligence method for modeling complex probability distributions of various types of data, such as images and texts. However, it suffers some main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Xi Chen , Shaofan Li

Learning from an imbalanced distribution presents a major challenge in predictive modeling, as it generally leads to a reduction in the performance of standard algorithms. Various approaches exist to address this issue, but many of them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Samuel Stocksieker , Denys Pommeret , Arthur Charpentier

Recent advances in deep learning have shown their ability to learn strong feature representations for images. The task of image clustering naturally requires good feature representations to capture the distribution of the data and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Vignesh Prasad , Dipanjan Das , Brojeshwar Bhowmick