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In this work, we present the first general logic of attention. Attention is a powerful cognitive ability that allows agents to focus on potentially complex information, such as logically structured propositions, higher-order beliefs, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Gaia Belardinelli , Thomas Bolander , Sebastian Watzl

Non-Bayesian social learning theory provides a framework that models distributed inference for a group of agents interacting over a social network. In this framework, each agent iteratively forms and communicates beliefs about an unknown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-26 James Z. Hare , Cesar A. Uribe , Lance Kaplan , Ali Jadbabaie

Artificial agents capable of understanding and aligning with others' intentions are essential for safe and socially robust artificial intelligence. We introduce a computational framework for empathy in active inference agents, grounded in…

We identify and investigate a computational model arising in molecular computing, social computing and sensor network. The model is made of of multiple agents who are computationally limited and posses no global information. The agents may…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-06-19 Elchanan Mossel , Anupam Prakash , Gregory Valiant

Mathematical concepts emerge through an interplay of processes, including experimentation, efforts at proof, and counterexamples. In this paper, we present a new multi-agent model for computational mathematical discovery based on this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Daattavya Aggarwal , Oisin Kim , Carl Henrik Ek , Challenger Mishra

This paper provides a systematic study of the operational idea that a quantum ``state'' is only defined up to what can be distinguished by a chosen family of observables. Concretely, any von Neumann algebra of observables $\mathscr{M}$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Jan van Neerven , Marijn Waaijer

Physics relies on mathematical spaces carefully matched to the phenomena under study. Phase space in classical mechanics, Hilbert space in quantum theory, configuration spaces in field theory all provide representations in which physical…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-23 Arturo Tozzi

We study the design of mechanisms under asymmetric awareness and information. While the mechanism designer cannot necessarily commit to a particular social choice function in the face of unawareness, she can at least commit to properties of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kym Pram , Burkhard C. Schipper

This paper proposes a model of decision-making under uncertainty in which an agent is constrained in her cognitive ability to consider complex acts. We identify the complexity of an act according to the corresponding partition of state…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-06-27 Yuan Gu , Chao Hung Chan

Humans and animals have the ability to reason and make predictions about different courses of action at many time scales. In reinforcement learning, option models (Sutton, Precup \& Singh, 1999; Precup, 2000) provide the framework for this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Khimya Khetarpal , Zafarali Ahmed , Gheorghe Comanici , Doina Precup

Communication within groups of agents has been lately the focus of research in dynamic epistemic logic (DEL). This paper studies a recently introduced form of partial (more precisely, topic-based) communication. This type of communication…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Rustam Galimullin , Fernando R. Velázquez-Quesada

The situated view of cognition holds that intelligent behavior depends not only on internal memory, but on an agent's active use of environmental resources. Here, we begin formalizing this intuition within Reinforcement Learning (RL). We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 John D. Martin , Fraser Mince , Esra'a Saleh , Amy Pajak

Formal verification of intelligent agents is often computationally infeasible due to state-space explosion. We present a tool for reducing the impact of the explosion by means of state abstraction that is (a) easy to use and understand by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Wojciech Jamroga , Yan Kim

From marketing to politics, exploitation of incomplete information through selective communication of arguments is ubiquitous. In this work, we focus on development of an argumentation-theoretic model for manipulable multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Ryuta Arisaka , Makoto Hagiwara , Takayuki Ito

Active systems across scales, ranging from molecular machines to human crowds, are usually modeled as assemblies of self-propelled particles driven by internally generated forces. However, these models often assume memoryless dynamics and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-10 Marc Besse , Raphaël Voituriez

This paper uses possible-world semantics to model the changes that may occur in an agent's knowledge as she loses information. This builds on previous work in which the agent may forget the truth-value of an atomic proposition, to a more…

We consider communication in a fully cooperative multi-agent system, where the agents have partial observation of the environment and must act jointly to maximize the overall reward. We have a discrete-time queueing network where agents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Jiekai Jia , Anam Tahir , Heinz Koeppl

Belief change is a fundamental problem in AI: Agents constantly have to update their beliefs to accommodate new observations. In recent years, there has been much work on axiomatic characterizations of belief change. We claim that a better…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Nir Friedman , Joseph Y. Halpern

I relax the standard assumptions of transitivity and partition structure in economic models of information to formalize vague knowledge: non-transitive indistinguishability over states. I show that vague knowledge, while failing to…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-01-09 Kerry Xiao

Autonomous agents powered by LLMs and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) are proficient consumers of digital content but remain unidirectional, a limitation we term epistemic asymmetry. This isolation leads to redundant reasoning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Zan-Kai Chong , Hiroyuki Ohsaki , Bryan Ng