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Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated superior performance over classical machine learning to support many features in safety-critical systems. Although DNNs are now widely used in such systems (e.g., self driving cars), there is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Mohammed Oualid Attaoui , Hazem Fahmy , Fabrizio Pastore , Lionel Briand

Architectural backdoors pose an under-examined but critical threat to deep neural networks, embedding malicious logic directly into a model's computational graph. Unlike traditional data poisoning or parameter manipulation, architectural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Victoria Childress , Josh Collyer , Jodie Knapp

As Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are rapidly being adopted within large software systems, software developers are increasingly required to design, train, and deploy such models into the systems they develop. Consequently, testing and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Jinhan Kim , Nargiz Humbatova , Gunel Jahangirova , Paolo Tonella , Shin Yoo

As an emerging and vital topic for studying deep neural networks' vulnerability (DNNs), backdoor learning has attracted increasing interest in recent years, and many seminal backdoor attack and defense algorithms are being developed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Baoyuan Wu , Hongrui Chen , Mingda Zhang , Zihao Zhu , Shaokui Wei , Danni Yuan , Mingli Zhu , Ruotong Wang , Li Liu , Chao Shen

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to neural networks, enabling adversaries to manipulate model outputs on specific inputs, often with devastating consequences, especially in critical applications. While backdoor attacks have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Zhen Guo , Abhinav Kumar , Reza Tourani

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where the adversary manipulates a small portion of training data such that the victim model predicts normally on the benign samples but classifies the triggered samples as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yinghua Gao , Yiming Li , Xueluan Gong , Zhifeng Li , Shu-Tao Xia , Qian Wang

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, a type of adversarial attack that poisons the training data to manipulate the behavior of models trained on such data. Clean-label attacks are a more stealthy form of backdoor attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Quang H. Nguyen , Nguyen Ngoc-Hieu , The-Anh Ta , Thanh Nguyen-Tang , Kok-Seng Wong , Hoang Thanh-Tung , Khoa D. Doan

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have improved the quality of several non-safety related products in the past years. However, before DNNs should be deployed to safety-critical applications, their robustness needs to be systematically analyzed. A…

Backdoor attacks on deep learning represent a recent threat that has gained significant attention in the research community. Backdoor defenses are mainly based on backdoor inversion, which has been shown to be generic, model-agnostic, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Xiaoyun Xu , Zhuoran Liu , Stefanos Koffas , Shujian Yu , Stjepan Picek

Intuitively, a backdoor attack against Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is to inject hidden malicious behaviors into DNNs such that the backdoor model behaves legitimately for benign inputs, yet invokes a predefined malicious behavior when its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Shaofeng Li , Shiqing Ma , Minhui Xue , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao

Interpretability is crucial to understand the inner workings of deep neural networks (DNNs) and many interpretation methods generate saliency maps that highlight parts of the input image that contribute the most to the prediction made by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Shihong Fang , Anna Choromanska

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly important in safety-critical systems, for example in their perception layer to analyze images. Unfortunately, there is a lack of methods to ensure the functional safety of DNN-based components.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Hazem Fahmy , Fabrizio Pastore , Mojtaba Bagherzadeh , Lionel Briand

Deep neural networks (DNNs) provide excellent performance across a wide range of classification tasks, but their training requires high computational resources and is often outsourced to third parties. Recent work has shown that outsourced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Kang Liu , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg

Transforming off-the-shelf deep neural network (DNN) models into dynamic multi-exit architectures can achieve inference and transmission efficiency by fragmenting and distributing a large DNN model in edge computing scenarios (e.g., edge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Tian Dong , Ziyuan Zhang , Han Qiu , Tianwei Zhang , Hewu Li , Terry Wang

Deep anomaly detection on sequential data has garnered significant attention due to the wide application scenarios. However, deep learning-based models face a critical security threat - their vulnerability to backdoor attacks. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 He Cheng , Shuhan Yuan

Existing research on training-time attacks for deep neural networks (DNNs), such as backdoors, largely assume that models are static once trained, and hidden backdoors trained into models remain active indefinitely. In practice, models are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Huiying Li , Arjun Nitin Bhagoji , Yuxin Chen , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Nowadays, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) report state-of-the-art results in many machine learning areas, including intrusion detection. Nevertheless, recent studies in computer vision have shown that DNNs can be vulnerable to adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Islam Debicha , Thibault Debatty , Jean-Michel Dricot , Wim Mees

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are being deployed in a wide range of settings today, from safety-critical applications like autonomous driving to commercial applications involving image classifications. However, recent research has shown that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Ziyuan Zhong , Yuchi Tian , Baishakhi Ray

Deep Neural Network (DNN) workloads are quickly moving from datacenters onto edge devices, for latency, privacy, or energy reasons. While datacenter networks can be protected using conventional cybersecurity measures, edge neural networks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Mihailo Isakov , Vijay Gadepally , Karen M. Gettings , Michel A. Kinsy

Recent advances in Machine Learning (ML) have opened up new avenues for its extensive use in real-world applications. Facial recognition, specifically, is used from simple friend suggestions in social-media platforms to critical security…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Esha Sarkar , Hadjer Benkraouda , Michail Maniatakos