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Large language models, such as OpenAI's codex and Deepmind's AlphaCode, can generate code to solve a variety of problems expressed in natural language. This technology has already been commercialised in at least one widely-used programming…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Advait Sarkar , Andrew D. Gordon , Carina Negreanu , Christian Poelitz , Sruti Srinivasa Ragavan , Ben Zorn

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered remarkable advancements across diverse code-related tasks, known as Code LLMs, particularly in code generation that generates source code with LLM from natural language descriptions. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Juyong Jiang , Fan Wang , Jiasi Shen , Sungju Kim , Sunghun Kim

Each programming language comes with official documentation to guide developers with APIs, methods, and classes. However, in some cases, official documentation is not an efficient way to get the needed information. As a result, developers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-08 AmirHossein Naghshzan

The README file serves as a critical source of information for gaining an overview and helping developers onboard to an Open Source Software (OSS) project. Yet, documentation issues persist; in particular, ``outdated'' documentation is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haoyu Gao , Hong Yi Lin , Christoph Treude , Gregory Gay , Mansooreh Zahedi

Software documentation is essential for program comprehension, developer onboarding, code review, and long-term maintenance. Yet producing quality documentation manually is time-consuming and frequently yields incomplete or inconsistent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Afia Farjana , Zaiyu Cheng , Antonio Mastropaolo

Program refinement involves correctness-preserving transformations from formal high-level specification statements into executable programs. Traditional verification tool support for program refinement is highly interactive and lacks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yufan Cai , Zhe Hou , Xiaokun Luan , David Miguel Sanan Baena , Yun Lin , Jun Sun , Jin Song Dong

Research on using Large Language Models (LLMs) in system development is expanding, especially in automated code and test generation. While E2E testing is vital for ensuring application quality, most test generation research has focused on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Takuro Morimoto , Harumi Haraguchi

Large language models (LLMs) struggle to consistently generate UI code that compiles and produces visually relevant designs. Existing approaches to improve generation rely on expensive human feedback or distilling a proprietary model. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Jason Wu , Eldon Schoop , Alan Leung , Titus Barik , Jeffrey P. Bigham , Jeffrey Nichols

We propose using natural language outlines as a novel modality and interaction surface for providing AI assistance to developers throughout the software development process. An NL outline for a code function comprises multiple statements…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, especially Large Language Models (LLMs), have started gaining popularity among researchers and software developers for generating source code. However, LLMs have been shown to generate code with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Hyunjae Suh , Mahan Tafreshipour , Jiawei Li , Adithya Bhattiprolu , Iftekhar Ahmed

Fine-tuning on open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) with proprietary data is now a standard practice for downstream developers to obtain task-specific LLMs. Surprisingly, we reveal a new and concerning risk along with the practice: the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zhexin Zhang , Yuhao Sun , Junxiao Yang , Shiyao Cui , Yuanchao Zhang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Software documentation is an essential but labor intensive task that often requires a dedicated team of developers to ensure coverage and accuracy. Good documentation will help shorten the development cycle and improve the overall team…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Thomas Zheng , Jeff Shaw , Sergey Kozlov

Code documentation is essential to improve software maintainability and comprehension. The tedious nature of manual code documentation has led to much research on automated documentation generation. Existing automated approaches primarily…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Swapnil Sharma Sarker , Tanzina Taher Ifty

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new potential for automating documentation-to-code traceability, yet their capabilities remain underexplored. We present a comprehensive evaluation of LLMs (Claude 3.5 Sonnet, GPT-4o, and o3-mini) in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Ebube Alor , SayedHassan Khatoonabadi , Emad Shihab

Recent studies on software tool manipulation with large language models (LLMs) mostly rely on closed model APIs. The industrial adoption of these models is substantially constrained due to the security and robustness risks in exposing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Qiantong Xu , Fenglu Hong , Bo Li , Changran Hu , Zhengyu Chen , Jian Zhang

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature concerning the utilization of Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, with a particular focus on transformer-based large language models (LLMs) trained using Big Code,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Man Fai Wong , Shangxin Guo , Ching Nam Hang , Siu Wai Ho , Chee Wei Tan

In today's software world with its cornucopia of reusable software libraries, when a programmer is faced with a programming task that they suspect can be completed through the use of a library, they often look for code examples using a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Geert Heyman , Rafael Huysegems , Pascal Justen , Tom Van Cutsem

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as coding assistants, capable of generating source code from natural language prompts. With the increasing adoption of LLMs in software development, academic research and industry based projects are…

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased their potential in various natural language processing tasks, including code generation. However, while significant progress has been made in adapting LLMs to generate code for several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Erica Coppolillo , Francesco Calimeri , Giuseppe Manco , Simona Perri , Francesco Ricca

In this study, we explored an approach to automate the review process of software design documents by using LLM. We first analyzed the review methods of design documents and organized 11 review perspectives. Additionally, we analyzed the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Takasaburo Fukuda , Takao Nakagawa , Keisuke Miyazaki , Susumu Tokumoto