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Deep neural networks (DNN) have been used to model nonlinear relations between physical quantities. Those DNNs are embedded in physical systems described by partial differential equations (PDE) and trained by minimizing a loss function that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-26 Kailai Xu , Eric Darve

Motivated by recent research on Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), we make the first attempt to introduce the PINNs for numerical simulation of the elliptic Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) on 3D manifolds. PINNs are one of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-05 Zhuochao Tang , Zhuojia Fu

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are machine learning tools that approximate the solution of general partial differential equations (PDEs) by adding them in some form as terms of the loss/cost function of a Neural Network. Most…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Antonio Tadeu Azevedo Gomes , Larissa Miguez da Silva , Frederic Valentin

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are central to scientific modeling. Modern workflows increasingly rely on learning-based components to support model reuse, inference, and integration across large computational processes. Despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yilong Dai , Shengyu Chen , Ziyi Wang , Xiaowei Jia , Yiqun Xie , Vipin Kumar , Runlong Yu

Physics-informed neural networks solve partial differential equations by training neural networks. Since this method approximates infinite-dimensional PDE solutions with finite collocation points, minimizing discretization errors by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Takashi Matsubara , Takaharu Yaguchi

Partial Differential Equations (PDE) are fundamental to model different phenomena in science and engineering mathematically. Solving them is a crucial step towards a precise knowledge of the behaviour of natural and engineered systems. In…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) [31] use automatic differentiation to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by penalizing the PDE in the loss function at a random set of points in the domain of interest. Here, we develop a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-03 E. Kharazmi , Z. Zhang , G. E. Karniadakis

This paper addresses Bayesian inference related to partial differential equations (PDEs), particularly nonparametric regression constrained by PDEs. To effectively encode prior information, we propose a novel framework that learns a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Junxiong Jia , Deyu Meng , Zongben Xu , Fang Yao

The recent rise of deep learning has led to numerous applications, including solving partial differential equations using Physics-Informed Neural Networks. This approach has proven highly effective in several academic cases. However, their…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-07 Marien Chenaud , Frédéric Magoulès , José Alves

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are among the most universal and parsimonious descriptions of natural physical laws, capturing a rich variety of phenomenology and multi-scale physics in a compact and symbolic representation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

Regularizing continual learning techniques is important for anticipating algorithmic behavior under new realizations of data. We introduce a new approach to continual learning by imposing the properties of a parabolic partial differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Haoming Yang , Ali Hasan , Vahid Tarokh

In machine learning and statistical modeling, the mean square or absolute error is commonly used as an error metric, also called a "loss function." While effective in reducing the average error, this approach may fail to address localized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-10 John M. Hanna , Hugues Talbot , Irene E. Vignon-Clementel

Transfer learning for partial differential equations (PDEs) is to develop a pre-trained neural network that can be used to solve a wide class of PDEs. Existing transfer learning approaches require much information of the target PDEs such as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-30 Zezhong Zhang , Feng Bao , Lili Ju , Guannan Zhang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently become a powerful tool for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, finding a set of neural network parameters that lead to fulfilling a PDE can be challenging and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Aleksandr Dekhovich , Marcel H. F. Sluiter , David M. J. Tax , Miguel A. Bessa

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are extensively employed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by ensuring that the outputs and gradients of deep learning models adhere to the governing equations. However, constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Chenhao Si , Ming Yan

Gradient-based meta-learning methods have primarily been applied to classical machine learning tasks such as image classification. Recently, PDE-solving deep learning methods, such as neural operators, are starting to make an important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Lu Zhang , Huaiqian You , Tian Gao , Mo Yu , Chung-Hao Lee , Yue Yu

A significant advancement in Neural Network (NN) research is the integration of domain-specific knowledge through custom loss functions. This approach addresses a crucial challenge: how can models utilize physics or mathematical principles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Seyedeh Azadeh Fallah Mortezanejad , Ruochen Wang , Ali Mohammad-Djafari

Finding accurate solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs) is a crucial task in all scientific and engineering disciplines. It has recently been shown that machine learning methods can improve the solution accuracy by correcting…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-01-06 Kiwon Um , Robert Brand , Yun , Fei , Philipp Holl , Nils Thuerey

Harnessing data to discover the underlying governing laws or equations that describe the behavior of complex physical systems can significantly advance our modeling, simulation and understanding of such systems in various science and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Zhao Chen , Yang Liu , Hao Sun

In this paper, we introduce PDE-LEARN, a novel deep learning algorithm that can identify governing partial differential equations (PDEs) directly from noisy, limited measurements of a physical system of interest. PDE-LEARN uses a Rational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Robert Stephany , Christopher Earls