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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in multimodal tasks. Despite their impressive performance, MLLMs suffer from the modality imbalance issue, where visual information is often underutilized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hengzhuang Li , Xinsong Zhang , Qiming Peng , Bin Luo , Han Hu , Dengyang Jiang , Han-Jia Ye , Teng Zhang , Hai Jin

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in general multi-modal understanding; yet they struggle to efficiently acquire continually evolving domain-specific skills. Conventional approaches to enhancing VLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zhiyu Xu , Lean Wang , Yuanxin Liu , Lei Li , Hao Zhou , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Xu Sun

In-context learning (ICL) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to learn tasks from demonstration examples without parameter updates. Although it has been extensively studied in LLMs, its effectiveness in Vision-Language Models (VLMs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Gabriel O. dos Santos , Esther Colombini , Sandra Avila

Large language models (LLMs) can handle a wide variety of general tasks with simple prompts, without the need for task-specific training. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built upon LLMs, have demonstrated impressive potential in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tao Yu , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Junkang Wu , Jinda Lu , Kun Wang , Xingyu Lu , Yunhang Shen , Guibin Zhang , Dingjie Song , Yibo Yan , Tianlong Xu , Qingsong Wen , Zhang Zhang , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have recently achieved rapid progress, sparking numerous studies to evaluate their multi-modal capabilities. However, we dig into current evaluation works and identify two primary issues: 1) Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Lin Chen , Jinsong Li , Xiaoyi Dong , Pan Zhang , Yuhang Zang , Zehui Chen , Haodong Duan , Jiaqi Wang , Yu Qiao , Dahua Lin , Feng Zhao

The rapid evolution of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has brought substantial advancements in artificial intelligence, significantly enhancing the capability to understand and generate multimodal content. While prior studies have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Lin Li , Guikun Chen , Hanrong Shi , Jun Xiao , Long Chen

AI models have achieved state-of-the-art results in textual reasoning; however, their ability to reason over spatial and relational structures remains a critical bottleneck -- particularly in early-grade maths, which relies heavily on…

With the rapid advancement of mathematical reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs), AI systems are increasingly being adopted in educational settings to support students' comprehension of problem-solving processes. However, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jaewoo Park , Jungyang Park , Dongju Jang , Jiwan Chung , Byungwoo Yoo , Jaewoo Shin , Seonjoon Park , Taehyeong Kim , Youngjae Yu

Identifying logical errors in complex, incomplete or even contradictory and overall heterogeneous data like students' experimentation protocols is challenging. Recognizing the limitations of current evaluation methods, we investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Arne Bewersdorff , Kathrin Seßler , Armin Baur , Enkelejda Kasneci , Claudia Nerdel

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) represented by GPT-4V has been a new rising research hotspot, which uses powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) as a brain to perform multimodal tasks. The surprising emergent capabilities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Shukang Yin , Chaoyou Fu , Sirui Zhao , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved significant advancements in tasks like Visual Question Answering (VQA) by leveraging foundational Large Language Models (LLMs). However, their abilities in specific areas such as visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Mohamed Fazli Imam , Chenyang Lyu , Alham Fikri Aji

Vision-language generative reward models (VL-GenRMs) play a crucial role in aligning and evaluating multimodal AI systems, yet their own evaluation remains under-explored. Current assessment methods primarily rely on AI-annotated preference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Lei Li , Yuancheng Wei , Zhihui Xie , Xuqing Yang , Yifan Song , Peiyi Wang , Chenxin An , Tianyu Liu , Sujian Li , Bill Yuchen Lin , Lingpeng Kong , Qi Liu

Large vision-language models (VLMs) can jointly interpret images and text, but they are also prone to absorbing and reproducing harmful social stereotypes when visual cues such as age, gender, race, clothing, or occupation are present. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Aravind Narayanan , Vahid Reza Khazaie , Shaina Raza

Multimodal Large Language Models demonstrate strong performance on multimodal benchmarks, yet often exhibit poor robustness when exposed to spurious modality interference, such as irrelevant text in vision understanding, or irrelevant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Rui Cai , Bangzheng Li , Xiaofei Wen , Muhao Chen , Zhe Zhao

We present a quantitative evaluation to understand the effect of zero-shot large-language model (LLMs) and prompting uses on chart reading tasks. We asked LLMs to answer 107 visualization questions to compare inference accuracies between…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Kaichun Yang , Jian Chen

In this paper, we advance the study of AI-augmented reasoning in the context of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), psychology and cognitive science, focusing on the critical task of visual perception. Specifically, we investigate the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Shravan Chaudhari , Trilokya Akula , Yoon Kim , Tom Blake

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have experienced rapid progress in visual recognition tasks in recent years. Given their potential integration into many critical applications, it is important to understand the limitations of their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jiarui Zhang , Mahyar Khayatkhoei , Prateek Chhikara , Filip Ilievski

Image Aesthetic Assessment (IAA) is a vital and intricate task that entails analyzing and assessing an image's aesthetic values, and identifying its highlights and areas for improvement. Traditional methods of IAA often concentrate on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yuti Liu , Shice Liu , Junyuan Gao , Pengtao Jiang , Hao Zhang , Jinwei Chen , Bo Li

Large video-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated promising progress in various video understanding tasks. However, their effectiveness in long-form video analysis is constrained by limited context windows. Traditional approaches, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Shuming Liu , Chen Zhao , Tianqi Xu , Bernard Ghanem

Understanding the interplay between intra-modality dependencies (the contribution of an individual modality to a target task) and inter-modality dependencies (the relationships between modalities and the target task) is fundamental to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Divyam Madaan , Varshan Muhunthan , Kyunghyun Cho , Sumit Chopra