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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have proven effective in various medical imaging applications, such as automated disease diagnosis. However, due to the local neighborhood aggregation paradigm in message passing which characterizes these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 K. Mancini , I. Rekik

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for learning on graph-structured data, but often struggle to balance local and global information. While graph Transformers aim to address this by enabling long-range interactions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jeongwhan Choi , Seungjun Park , Sumin Park , Sung-Bae Cho , Noseong Park

As the availability of financial services online continues to grow, the incidence of fraud has surged correspondingly. Fraudsters continually seek new and innovative ways to circumvent the detection algorithms in place. Traditionally, fraud…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Prashank Kadam

Federated learning over graph-structured data exposes a fundamental mismatch between standard aggregation mechanisms and the operator nature of graph neural networks (GNNs). While federated optimization treats model parameters as elements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Chethana Prasad Kabgere , Shylaja SS

Graph clustering, an important unsupervised problem, has been shown to be more resistant to advances in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). In addition, almost all clustering methods focus on homophilic graphs and ignore heterophily. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xuanting Xie , Erlin Pan , Zhao Kang , Wenyu Chen , Bingheng Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) and label propagation represent two interrelated modeling strategies designed to exploit graph structure in tasks such as node property prediction. The former is typically based on stacked message-passing layers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Yangkun Wang , Jiarui Jin , Weinan Zhang , Yongyi Yang , Jiuhai Chen , Quan Gan , Yong Yu , Zheng Zhang , Zengfeng Huang , David Wipf

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become essential for handling large-scale graph applications. However, the computational demands of GNNs necessitate the development of efficient methods to accelerate inference. Mixed precision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Samir Moustafa , Nils M. Kriege , Wilfried N. Gansterer

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for modeling graph-structured data. However, existing GNNs often struggle with heterophilic graphs, where connected nodes tend to have dissimilar features or labels. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ruizhong Qiu , Ting-Wei Li , Gaotang Li , Hanghang Tong

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) extend basic Neural Networks (NNs) by using the graph structures based on the relational inductive bias (homophily assumption). Though GNNs are believed to outperform NNs in real-world tasks, performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Sitao Luan , Chenqing Hua , Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Mingde Zhao , Shuyuan Zhang , Xiao-Wen Chang , Doina Precup

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated significant success in learning from graph-structured data across various domains. Despite their great successful, one critical challenge is often overlooked by existing works, i.e., the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Tianxiang Zhao , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs) have emerged as the {\em de facto} standard in graph representation learning. However, when it comes to link prediction, they often struggle, surpassed by simple heuristics such as Common Neighbor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Kaiwen Dong , Zhichun Guo , Nitesh V. Chawla

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have recently become the predominant tools for studying graph data. Despite state-of-the-art performance on graph classification tasks, GNNs are overwhelmingly trained in a single domain under supervision, thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Tao Wen , Elynn Chen , Yuzhou Chen , Qi Lei

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel in node classification tasks but often assume homophily, where connected nodes share similar labels. This assumption does not hold in many real-world heterophilic graphs. Existing models for heterophilic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yumeng Wang , Zengyi Wo , Wenjun Wang , Xingcheng Fu , Minglai Shao

High-order Graph Neural Networks (HO-GNNs) have been developed to infer consistent latent spaces in the heterophilic regime, where the label distribution is not correlated with the graph structure. However, most of the existing HO-GNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Ahmed Begga , Francisco Escolano , Miguel Angel Lozano , Edwin R. Hancock

Graph convolution is the core of most Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and usually approximated by message passing between direct (one-hop) neighbors. In this work, we remove the restriction of using only the direct neighbors by introducing a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Johannes Gasteiger , Stefan Weißenberger , Stephan Günnemann

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved notable success in the analysis of non-Euclidean data across a wide range of domains. However, their applicability is constrained by the dependence on the observed graph structure. To solve this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Ziyan Wang , Yaxuan He , Bin Liu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have excelled in handling graph-structured data, attracting significant research interest. However, two primary challenges have emerged: interference between topology and attributes distorting node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yachao Yang , Yanfeng Sun , Jipeng Guo , Junbin Gao , Shaofan Wang , Fujiao Ju , Baocai Yin

Due to the homophily assumption in graph convolution networks (GNNs), a common consensus in the graph node classification task is that GNNs perform well on homophilic graphs but may fail on heterophilic graphs with many inter-class edges.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Jie Chen , Shouzhen Chen , Junbin Gao , Zengfeng Huang , Junping Zhang , Jian Pu

Message passing neural networks (MPNNs) have emerged as go-to models for learning on graph-structured data in the past decade. Despite their effectiveness, most of such models still incur severe issues such as over-smoothing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Haoran Zheng , Renchi Yang , Yubo Zhou , Jianliang Xu

In graph neural networks (GNNs), both node features and labels are examples of graph signals, a key notion in graph signal processing (GSP). While it is common in GSP to impose signal smoothness constraints in learning and estimation tasks,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-10 Feng Ji , See Hian Lee , Kai Zhao , Wee Peng Tay , Jielong Yang