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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integral as productivity assistants, but existing benchmarks fall short in rigorously evaluating their real-world instruction-following capabilities. Current benchmarks often (i) lack sufficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jiho Park , Jongyoon Song , Minjin Choi , Kyuho Heo , Taehun Huh , Ji Won Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly capable across global languages. However, the ability to communicate across languages does not necessarily translate to appropriate cultural representations. A key concern is US-centric…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jonathan Rystrøm , Hannah Rose Kirk , Scott Hale

LLM Ensemble -- which involves the comprehensive use of multiple large language models (LLMs), each aimed at handling user queries during downstream inference, to benefit from their individual strengths -- has gained substantial attention…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in recent years; however, their excellent performance is still largely limited to major world languages, primarily English. Many LLMs continue to face challenges with…

Large language models (LLMs) are now used worldwide, yet their multimodal understanding and reasoning often degrade outside Western, high-resource settings. We propose MMA-ASIA, a comprehensive framework to evaluate LLMs' cultural awareness…

The integration of tools in augmenting large language models presents a novel approach toward enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of these models in handling specific, complex tasks. This paper delves into the methodology,challenges, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Zhuocheng Shen

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable ability to comprehend, reason, and generate following nature language instructions. However, the development of LLMs has been primarily focused on high-resource languages, such as English,…

Large language models (LLMs) often lack culture-specific knowledge of daily life, especially across diverse regions and non-English languages. Existing benchmarks for evaluating LLMs' cultural sensitivities are limited to a single language…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown considerable potential in supporting medical diagnosis. However, their effective integration into clinical workflows is hindered by physicians' difficulties in perceiving and trusting LLM…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yuansong Xu , Yichao Zhu , Haokai Wang , Yuchen Wu , Yang Ouyang , Hanlu Li , Wenzhe Zhou , Xinyu Liu , Chang Jiang , Quan Li

We expose the limitation of modular multilingual language models (MLMs) in multilingual inference scenarios with unknown languages. Existing evaluations of modular MLMs exclude the involvement of language identification (LID) modules, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Muhammad Farid Adilazuarda , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Ayu Purwarianti

This study proposes a cognitive benchmarking framework to evaluate how large language models (LLMs) process and apply culturally specific knowledge. The framework integrates Bloom's Taxonomy with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hung-Shin Lee , Chen-Chi Chang , Ching-Yuan Chen , Yun-Hsiang Hsu

The reliability of multilingual Large Language Model (LLM) evaluation is currently compromised by the inconsistent quality of translated benchmarks. Existing resources often suffer from semantic drift and context loss, which can lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Hanna Yukhymenko , Anton Alexandrov , Martin Vechev

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising solution to complement traditional teaching and address global teacher shortages that affect hundreds of millions of children, but they fail to provide grade-appropriate responses for students…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Jio Oh , Steven Euijong Whang , James Evans , Jindong Wang

RALMs (Retrieval-Augmented Language Models) broaden their knowledge scope by incorporating external textual resources. However, the multilingual nature of global knowledge necessitates RALMs to handle diverse languages, a topic that has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Suhang Wu , Jialong Tang , Baosong Yang , Ante Wang , Kaidi Jia , Jiawei Yu , Junfeng Yao , Jinsong Su

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming society, powering applications from smartphone assistants to autonomous driving. Yet cloud-based LLM services alone cannot serve a growing class of applications, including those operating under…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Liangqi Yuan , Wenzhi Fang , Shiqiang Wang , H. Vincent Poor , Christopher G. Brinton

This study introduces an ensemble framework for unstructured text categorization using large language models (LLMs). By integrating multiple models, the ensemble large language model (eLLM) framework addresses common weaknesses of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Ariel Kamen , Yakov Kamen

We present DialectalArabicMMLU, a new benchmark for evaluating the performance of large language models (LLMs) across Arabic dialects. While recently developed Arabic and multilingual benchmarks have advanced LLM evaluation for Modern…

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, yet their evaluation, particularly in languages beyond the top $20$, remains inadequate due to existing benchmarks and metrics limitations. Employing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Rishav Hada , Varun Gumma , Adrian de Wynter , Harshita Diddee , Mohamed Ahmed , Monojit Choudhury , Kalika Bali , Sunayana Sitaram

Multi-round incomplete information tasks are crucial for evaluating the lateral thinking capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Currently, research primarily relies on multiple benchmarks and automated evaluation metrics to assess…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Wenhan Dong , Tianyi Hu , Jingyi Zheng , Zhen Sun , Yuemeng Zhao , Yule Liu , Xinlei He , Xinyi Huang

Code-mixing, the practice of switching between languages within a conversation, poses unique challenges for traditional NLP. Existing benchmarks are limited by their narrow language pairs and tasks, failing to adequately assess large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yilun Yang , Yekun Chai
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