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Recently the use of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices for machine learning tasks has been proposed. The propositions often perform poorly due to various restrictions. However, the quantum devices should perform well in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-12 Przemysław Sadowski

It has been hypothesized that quantum computers may lend themselves well to applications in machine learning. In the present work, we analyze function classes defined via quantum kernels. Quantum computers offer the possibility to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-10 Jonas M. Kübler , Simon Buchholz , Bernhard Schölkopf

Machine learning (ML) may be oblivious to human bias but it is not immune to its perpetuation. Marginalisation and iniquitous group representation are often traceable in the very data used for training, and may be reflected or even enhanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Stefano Sarao Mannelli , Federica Gerace , Negar Rostamzadeh , Luca Saglietti

Kernel methods are a cornerstone of classical machine learning. The idea of using quantum computers to compute kernels has recently attracted attention. Quantum embedding kernels (QEKs) constructed by embedding data into the Hilbert space…

We compare the performance of randomized classical and quantum neural networks (NNs) as well as classical and quantum-classical hybrid convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the task of supervised binary image classification. We keep the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Daniel Basilewitsch , João F. Bravo , Christian Tutschku , Frederick Struckmeier

A new paradigm for data science has emerged, with quantum data, quantum models, and quantum computational devices. This field, called Quantum Machine Learning (QML), aims to achieve a speedup over traditional machine learning for data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Supanut Thanasilp , Samson Wang , Nhat A. Nghiem , Patrick J. Coles , M. Cerezo

Quantum Machine Learning represents a paradigm shift at the intersection of Quantum Computing and Machine Learning, leveraging quantum phenomena such as superposition, entanglement, and quantum parallelism to address the limitations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-17 Sahil Tomar , Rajeshwar Tripathi , Sandeep Kumar

Quantum classifiers are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that manipulate their input classical or quantum data. A promising countermeasure is adversarial training, where quantum classifiers are trained by using an attack-aware, adversarial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Petros Georgiou , Aaron Mark Thomas , Sharu Theresa Jose , Osvaldo Simeone

Breakthroughs in machine learning (ML) and advances in quantum computing (QC) drive the interdisciplinary field of quantum machine learning to new levels. However, due to the susceptibility of ML models to adversarial attacks, practical use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Tom Wollschläger , Aman Saxena , Nicola Franco , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz , Stephan Günnemann

In recent years, parameterized quantum circuits have been regarded as machine learning models within the framework of the hybrid quantum-classical approach. Quantum machine learning (QML) has been applied to binary classification problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-17 Teppei Suzuki , Michio Katouda

Classification using variational quantum circuits is a promising frontier in quantum machine learning. Quantum supervised learning (QSL) applied to classical data using variational quantum circuits involves embedding the data into a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Yujin Kim , Changjae Im , Taehyun Kim , Tak Hur , Daniel K. Park

Quantum machine learning (QML) is the spearhead of quantum computer applications. In particular, quantum neural networks (QNN) are actively studied as the method that works both in near-term quantum computers and fault-tolerant quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 Kouhei Nakaji , Hiroyuki Tezuka , Naoki Yamamoto

It remains unclear whether quantum machine learning (QML) has real advantages when dealing with practical and meaningful tasks. Encoding classical data into quantum states is one of the key steps in QML. Amplitude encoding has been widely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Xin Wang , Yabo Wang , Bo Qi , Rebing Wu

In the absence of prior knowledge, ordinal embedding methods obtain new representation for items in a low-dimensional Euclidean space via a set of quadruple-wise comparisons. These ordinal comparisons often come from human annotators, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Ke Ma , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Xiaochun Cao

At the intersection of machine learning and quantum computing, Quantum Machine Learning (QML) has the potential of accelerating data analysis, especially for quantum data, with applications for quantum materials, biochemistry, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-17 M. Cerezo , Guillaume Verdon , Hsin-Yuan Huang , Lukasz Cincio , Patrick J. Coles

Quantum machine learning (QML) aims to use quantum computers to enhance machine learning, but it is often limited by the required number of samples due to quantum noise and statistical limits on expectation value estimates. While efforts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 Nathaniel Helgesen , Michael Felsberg , Jan-Åke Larsson

The classification of big data usually requires a mapping onto new data clusters which can then be processed by machine learning algorithms by means of more efficient and feasible linear separators. Recently, Lloyd et al. have advanced the…

We describe a quantum-assisted machine learning (QAML) method in which multivariate data is encoded into quantum states in a Hilbert space whose dimension is exponentially large in the length of the data vector. Learning in this space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Michael L. Wall , Giuseppe D'Aguanno

Due to the superiority and noteworthy progress of Quantum Computing (QC) in a lot of applications such as cryptography, chemistry, Big data, machine learning, optimization, Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, communication, and many more.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-23 Zainab Abohashima , Mohamed Elhosen , Essam H. Houssein , Waleed M. Mohamed

Entanglement serves as the resource to empower quantum computing. Recent progress has highlighted its positive impact on learning quantum dynamics, wherein the integration of entanglement into quantum operations or measurements of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Xinbiao Wang , Yuxuan Du , Zhuozhuo Tu , Yong Luo , Xiao Yuan , Dacheng Tao