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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources, enabling more accurate and contextually relevant responses tailored to user needs. However, existing RAG systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Zirui Guo , Lianghao Xia , Yanhua Yu , Tu Ao , Chao Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are adept at generating responses based on information within their context. While this ability is useful for interacting with structured data like code files, another popular method, Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Mihir Gupte , Paolo Giusto , Ramesh S

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, in which an adversary inserts malicious documents containing carefully crafted injected prompts into the knowledge database. When a user issues a question…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Weifei Jin , Xilong Wang , Wei Zou , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Gong

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly mitigates the hallucinations and domain knowledge deficiency in large language models by incorporating external knowledge bases. However, the multi-module architecture of RAG introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yanming Mu , Hao Hu , Feiyang Li , Qiao Yuan , Jiang Wu , Zichuan Liu , Pengcheng Liu , Mei Wang , Hongwei Zhou , Yuling Liu

Recent advancements in Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains. While they exhibit strong zero-shot performance on various tasks, LLMs' effectiveness in music-related applications…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Daeyong Kwon , SeungHeon Doh , Juhan Nam

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates hallucination in Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external data, with Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offering crucial information for question answering. Traditional Knowledge Graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Yushi Sun , Kai Sun , Yifan Ethan Xu , Xiao Yang , Xin Luna Dong , Nan Tang , Lei Chen

Conformance checking techniques detect undesired process behavior by comparing process executions that are recorded in event logs to desired behavior that is captured in a dedicated process model. If such models are not available,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Michael Grohs , Adrian Rebmann , Jana-Rebecca Rehse

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown impressive capabilities in mitigating hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). However, LLMs struggle to maintain consistent reasoning when exposed to misleading or conflicting evidence,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Linda Zeng , Rithwik Gupta , Divij Motwani , Yi Zhang , Diji Yang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language model (LLM) reasoning by retrieving external documents, but also opens up new attack surfaces. We study knowledge-base poisoning attacks in RAG, where an attacker injects…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Hongru Song , Yu-An Liu , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Maarten de Rijke , Yixing Fan , Xueqi Cheng

Large pre-trained language models have been shown to store factual knowledge in their parameters, and achieve state-of-the-art results when fine-tuned on downstream NLP tasks. However, their ability to access and precisely manipulate…

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Gemini has shown their powerful natural language generation capabilities. However, these models can inadvertently learn and retain sensitive information and harmful content…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shang Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Wanlei Zhou

As cyber threats continue to grow in complexity, traditional security mechanisms struggle to keep up. Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential in cybersecurity due to their advanced capabilities in text processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Tiago Dinis , Miguel Correia , Roger Tavares

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to support various decision-making tasks, assisting humans in making informed decisions. However, when LLMs confidently provide incorrect information, it can lead humans to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Chaeyun Jang , Deukhwan Cho , Seanie Lee , Hyungi Lee , Juho Lee

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an advanced technique designed to address the challenges of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC). By integrating context retrieval into content generation, RAG provides reliable and…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework for enhancing the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating retrieval-based methods with generative models. As external knowledge repositories…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Shuyi Liu , Yuming Shang , Xi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with retrieval mechanisms have demonstrated significant potential in fact-checking tasks by integrating external knowledge. However, their reliability decreases when confronted with conflicting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Ziyu Ge , Yuhao Wu , Daniel Wai Kit Chin , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Rui Cao

Medical question answering (QA) requires extensive access to domain-specific knowledge. A promising direction is to enhance large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge retrieved from medical corpora or parametric knowledge stored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Lei Li , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xian Wu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves pre-trained models by incorporating external knowledge at test time to enable customized adaptation. We study the risk of datastore leakage in Retrieval-In-Context RAG Language Models (LMs). We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Zhenting Qi , Hanlin Zhang , Eric Xing , Sham Kakade , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by retrieving relevant documents from external sources to improve factual accuracy and verifiability. However, this reliance introduces new attack surfaces within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Saket S. Chaturvedi , Gaurav Bagwe , Lan Zhang , Xiaoyong Yuan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown versatility in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, including their potential as effective question-answering systems. However, to provide precise and relevant information in response to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Sriram Veturi , Saurabh Vaichal , Reshma Lal Jagadheesh , Nafis Irtiza Tripto , Nian Yan