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Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is frequently used to mitigate hallucinations and provide up-to-date knowledge for large language models (LLMs). However, given that document retrieval is an imprecise task and sometimes results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Kevin Wu , Eric Wu , James Zou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, which integrate Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources, are vulnerable to a range of adversarial attack vectors. This paper examines the importance of RAG systems through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chris M. Ward , Josh Harguess

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) merges retrieval methods with deep learning advancements to address the static limitations of large language models (LLMs) by enabling the dynamic integration of up-to-date external information. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yizheng Huang , Jimmy Huang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a common strategy for updating large language model (LLM) responses with current, external information. However, models may still rely on memorized training data, bypass the retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Le Vu Anh , Nguyen Viet Anh , Mehmet Dik , Luong Van Nghia

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are vulnerable to knowledge base poisoning, yet existing attacks have been evaluated almost exclusively against vanilla retrieve-then-generate pipelines. Architectures designed to handle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Samuel Korn

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have shown promise in enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, these systems face challenges in effectively integrating external knowledge with the LLM's internal…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems extend large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources but introduce new attack surfaces through the retrieval pipeline. In particular, adversaries can poison retrieval corpora so…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Scott Thornton

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge, making them adaptable and cost-effective for various applications. However, the growing reliance on these systems also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yucheng Zhang , Qinfeng Li , Tianyu Du , Xuhong Zhang , Xinkui Zhao , Zhengwen Feng , Jianwei Yin

This paper introduces an innovative approach using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance information retrieval and query response systems for university-related question answering. By…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Arshia Hemmat , Kianoosh Vadaei , Mohammad Hassan Heydari , Afsaneh Fatemi

In the field of Material Science, effective information retrieval systems are essential for facilitating research. Traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) approaches in Large Language Models (LLMs) often encounter challenges such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Radeen Mostafa , Mirza Nihal Baig , Mashaekh Tausif Ehsan , Jakir Hasan

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) extends large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge, but this access path also introduces security risks that existing work often conflates with inherent LLM flaws. We frame secure RAG as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yuming Xu , Mingtao Zhang , Zhuohan Ge , Haoyang Li , Nicole Hu , Yongqi Zhang , Zhiyuan Wen , Jason Chen Zhang , Qing Li , Lei Chen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework for enhancing large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge, particularly in scientific domains that demand specialized and dynamic information. Despite its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xianrui Zhong , Bowen Jin , Siru Ouyang , Yanzhen Shen , Qiao Jin , Yin Fang , Zhiyong Lu , Jiawei Han

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software development has revolutionized the field, particularly through the use of Retrieval-Augmented Code Generation (RACG) systems that enhance code generation with information from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Bo Lin , Shangwen Wang , Liqian Chen , Xiaoguang Mao

Open-source LLMs have shown great potential as fine-tuned chatbots, and demonstrate robust abilities in reasoning and surpass many existing benchmarks. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique for improving the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Sean Wu , Michael Koo , Li Yo Kao , Andy Black , Lesley Blum , Fabien Scalzo , Ira Kurtz

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as the de facto industry standard for user-facing NLP applications, offering the ability to integrate data without re-training or fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs). This capability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Lukas Ammann , Sara Ott , Christoph R. Landolt , Marco P. Lehmann

Security applications are increasingly relying on large language models (LLMs) for cyber threat detection; however, their opaque reasoning often limits trust, particularly in decisions that require domain-specific cybersecurity knowledge.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Arnabh Borah , Md Tanvirul Alam , Nidhi Rastogi

This study develops a question-answering system based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) using Chinese Wikipedia and Lawbank as retrieval sources. Using TTQA and TMMLU+ as evaluation datasets, the system employs BGE-M3 for dense vector…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Te-Lun Yang , Jyi-Shane Liu , Yuen-Hsien Tseng , Jyh-Shing Roger Jang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems put more and more emphasis on grounding their responses in user-generated content found on the Web, amplifying both their usefulness and their attack surface. Most notably, indirect prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Haoze Guo , Ziqi Wei

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate grounded responses by leveraging external knowledge databases without altering model parameters. Although the absence of weight tuning prevents leakage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ali Naseh , Yuefeng Peng , Anshuman Suri , Harsh Chaudhari , Alina Oprea , Amir Houmansadr