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Scanning diamond magnetometers based on the optically detected magnetic resonance of the nitrogen-vacancy centre offer very high sensitivity and non-invasive imaging capabilities when the stray fields emanating from ultrathin magnetic…

In this paper, we show numerically that a symmetric Earth matter density profile can, in principle, be reconstructed from a single baseline energy spectrum up to a certain precision. For the numerical evaluations in the high dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Tommy Ohlsson , Walter Winter

Spatial imaging of magnetic stray fields from magnetic materials is a useful tool for identifying the underlying magnetic configurations of the material. However, transforming the magnetic image into a magnetization image is an ill-poised…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-12-30 David A. Broadway , Mykhailo Flaks , Adrien E. E. Dubois , Patrick Maletinsky

Methods for characterisation of 3D magnetic spin structures are necessary to advance the performance of 3D magnetic nanoscale technologies. However, as the component dimensions approach the nanometre range, it becomes more challenging to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Aurys Silinga , András Kovács , Stephen McVitie , Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski , Kayla Fallon , Trevor P. Almeida

We present an efficient method of reconstructing the parameters of the Constrained MSSM from assumed future LHC data, applied both on their own right and in combination with the cosmological determination of the relic dark matter abundance.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-20 L. Roszkowski , R. Ruiz de Austri , R. Trotta

Gravitational lensing distorts the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies and imprints a characteristic pattern onto it. The distortions depend on the projected matter density between today and redshift $z \sim 1100$. In this paper…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-25 Matias Zaldarriaga , Uros Seljak

Reconstructing complex magnetization textures from nitrogen-vacancy (NV) magnetometry stray-field measurements presents a challenging inverse problem. In this work, we introduce a physics-informed method that addresses this by incorporating…

Polarized neutron reflectometry is a powerful technique to interrogate the structures of multilayered magnetic materials with depth sensitivity and nanometer resolution. However, reflectometry profiles often inhabit a complicated objective…

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a widely utilized diagnostic tool in clinical settings, but its application is limited by the relatively long acquisition time. As a result, fast MRI reconstruction has become a significant area of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-09 Lixuan Rao , Xinlin Zhang , Yiman Huang , Tao Tan , Tong Tong

Predicting measurement outcomes from an underlying structure often follows directly from fundamental physical principles. However, a fundamental challenge is posed when trying to solve the inverse problem of inferring the underlying…

This dissertation is devoted to provide advanced nonconvex nonsmooth variational models of (Magnetic Resonance Image) MRI reconstruction, efficient learnable image reconstruction algorithms and parameter training algorithms that improve the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-06 Wanyu Bian

We demonstrate how micromagnetic simulations can be employed in order to characterize and analyze the magnetic microstructure of nanocomposites. For the example of nanocrystalline Nd$-$Fe$-$B, which is a potential material for future…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-04-04 Sergey Erokhin , Dmitry Berkov , Masaaki Ito , Akira Kato , Masao Yano , Andreas Michels

We present a hybrid method for reconstructing the primordial density from late-time halos and galaxies. Our approach involves two steps: (1) apply standard Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) reconstruction to recover the large-scale features…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-03 Liam Parker , Adrian E. Bayer , Uros Seljak

Quantum Diamond Microscopy using Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) defects in diamond crystals has enabled the magnetic field imaging of a wide variety of nanoscale current profiles. Intimately linked with the imaging process is the problem of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Siddhant Midha , Madhur Parashar , Anuj Bathla , David A. Broadway , Jean-Philippe Tetienne , Kasturi Saha

We present a specially designed evolutionary algorithm for the prediction of surface reconstructions. This new technique allows one to automatically explore all the low-energy configurations with variable surface atoms and variable surface…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-06-05 Qiang Zhu , Li Li , Artem R. Oganov , Philip B. Allen

The latest cosmological data seem to indicate a significant deviation from scale invariance of the primordial power spectrum when parameterized either by a power law or by a spectral index with non-zero "running". This deviation, by itself,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Licia Verde , Hiranya V. Peiris

Accelerating magnetic resonance image (MRI) reconstruction process is a challenging ill-posed inverse problem due to the excessive under-sampling operation in k-space. In this paper, we propose a recurrent transformer model, namely…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-31 Pengfei Guo , Yiqun Mei , Jinyuan Zhou , Shanshan Jiang , Vishal M. Patel

This paper describes the open Novamag database that has been developed for the design of novel Rare-Earth free/lean permanent magnets. The database software technologies, its friendly graphical user interface, advanced search tools and…

Reconstructing magnetization in nanoscale magnetic thin films is essential for developing next-generation memory, sensors, and various spintronic technologies. However, this remains challenging due to the ill-posed nature of the stray field…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-04-28 Zander Scholl , Justin Woods , Charudatta Phatak , Hanu Arava

X-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity (XRMR) is a powerful method to determine the optical, structural and magnetic depth profiles of a variety of thin films. Here, we investigate samples of different complexity all measured at the Pt L$_3$…

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