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Graph neural networks (GNNs) have attracted increasing interests. With broad deployments of GNNs in real-world applications, there is an urgent need for understanding the robustness of GNNs under adversarial attacks, especially in realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Jiaqi Ma , Junwei Deng , Qiaozhu Mei

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful models for learning from graph-structured data. However, their widespread adoption has raised serious privacy concerns. While prior research has primarily focused on edge-level privacy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Jie Fu , Yuan Hong , Zhili Chen , Wendy Hui Wang

End-to-end training with global optimization have popularized graph neural networks (GNNs) for node classification, yet inadvertently introduced vulnerabilities to adversarial edge-perturbing attacks. Adversaries can exploit the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Ao Liu , Wenshan Li , Tao Li , Beibei Li , Guangquan Xu , Pan Zhou , Wengang Ma , Hanyuan Huang

Adversarial learning and the robustness of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are topics of widespread interest in the machine learning community, as documented by the number of adversarial attacks and defenses designed for these purposes. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Tran Gia Bao Ngo , Zulfikar Alom , Federico Errica , Murat Kantarcioglu , Cuneyt Gurcan Akcora

A cursory reading of the literature suggests that we have made a lot of progress in designing effective adversarial defenses for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Yet, the standard methodology has a serious flaw - virtually all of the defenses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Felix Mujkanovic , Simon Geisler , Stephan Günnemann , Aleksandar Bojchevski

Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have become increasingly popular for supporting Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS). Nevertheless, extensive research has shown their vulnerability to adversarial attacks, which involve subtle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Andrea Venturi , Dario Stabili , Mirco Marchetti

Federated Graph Neural Network (FedGNN) has recently emerged as a rapidly growing research topic, as it integrates the strengths of graph neural networks and federated learning to enable advanced machine learning applications without direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Fan Liu , Siqi Lai , Yansong Ning , Hao Liu

Recent years have witnessed the deployment of adversarial attacks to evaluate the robustness of Neural Networks. Past work in this field has relied on traditional optimization algorithms that ignore the inherent structure of the problem and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Florian Jaeckle , M. Pawan Kumar

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated commendable performance for graph-structured data. Yet, GNNs are often vulnerable to adversarial structural attacks as embedding generation relies on graph topology. Existing efforts are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Xing Ai , Guanyu Zhu , Yulin Zhu , Yu Zheng , Gaolei Li , Jianhua Li , Kai Zhou

Graph neural networks (GNNs) which apply the deep neural networks to graph data have achieved significant performance for the task of semi-supervised node classification. However, only few work has addressed the adversarial robustness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Kaidi Xu , Hongge Chen , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsui-Wei Weng , Mingyi Hong , Xue Lin

Although powerful graph neural networks (GNNs) have boosted numerous real-world applications, the potential privacy risk is still underexplored. To close this gap, we perform the first comprehensive study of graph reconstruction attack that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Zhanke Zhou , Chenyu Zhou , Xuan Li , Jiangchao Yao , Quanming Yao , Bo Han

Recent studies show that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attack, i.e., an imperceptible structure perturbation can fool GNNs to make wrong predictions. Some researches explore specific properties of clean graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Guangqian Yang , Yibing Zhan , Jinlong Li , Baosheng Yu , Liu Liu , Fengxiang He

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have boosted the performance for many graph-related tasks. Despite the great success, recent studies have shown that GNNs are highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where adversaries can mislead the GNNs'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Wenqi Fan , Wei Jin , Xiaorui Liu , Han Xu , Xianfeng Tang , Suhang Wang , Qing Li , Jiliang Tang , Jianping Wang , Charu Aggarwal

Graph Foundation Models (GFMs) are pre-trained on diverse source domains and adapted to unseen targets, enabling broad generalization for graph machine learning. Despite that GFMs have attracted considerable attention recently, their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jiayi Luo , Qingyun Sun , Lingjuan Lyu , Ziwei Zhang , Haonan Yuan , Xingcheng Fu , Jianxin Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph learning tasks. However, recent studies show that GNNs are vulnerable to both test-time evasion and training-time poisoning attacks that perturb the graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Binghui Wang , Meng Pang , Yun Dong

Graph neural networks (GNNs) achieve remarkable performance for tasks on graph data. However, recent works show they are extremely vulnerable to adversarial structural perturbations, making their outcomes unreliable. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Ao Zhang , Jinwen Ma

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are becoming the de facto method to learn on the graph data and have achieved the state-of-the-art on node and graph classification tasks. However, recent works show GNNs are vulnerable to training-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Jiate Li , Meng Pang , Yun Dong , Binghui Wang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attack, which does not affect the network's performance on clean data but would manipulate the network behavior once a trigger pattern is added. Existing defense methods have greatly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Min Liu , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Xiangyu Yue

Benefiting from the message passing mechanism, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been successful on flourish tasks over graph data. However, recent studies have shown that attackers can catastrophically degrade the performance of GNNs by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Kuan Li , Yang Liu , Xiang Ao , Jianfeng Chi , Jinghua Feng , Hao Yang , Qing He

Graph data, such as chemical networks and social networks, may be deemed confidential/private because the data owner often spends lots of resources collecting the data or the data contains sensitive information, e.g., social relationships.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Xinlei He , Jinyuan Jia , Michael Backes , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Yang Zhang
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