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The sum-rate performance of simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) assisted full-duplex (FD) communication systems is investigated. The reflection and transmission coefficients of STAR-RIS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Pulasthi P. Perera , Vanodhya G. Warnasooriya , Dhanushka Kudathanthirige , Himal A. Suraweera

The plethora of wirelessly connected devices, whose deployment density is expected to largely increase in the upcoming sixth Generation (6G) of wireless networks, will naturally necessitate substantial advances in multiple access schemes.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Konstantinos D. Katsanos , Paolo Di Lorenzo , George C. Alexandropoulos

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) hold significant promise for enhancing physical layer security (PLS). However, conventional RISs are typically modeled using diagonal scattering matrices, capturing only independent reflections…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Weijie Xiong , Jingran Lin , Cunhua Pan , Yilong Zeng , Qiang Li

We present the first experimental prototype of a reflective beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS), i.e., a RIS with reconfigurable inter-element connections. Our BD-RIS consists of an antenna array whose ports are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Jean Tapie , Matteo Nerini , Bruno Clerckx , Philipp del Hougne

Full duplex (FD) radio has attracted extensive attention due to its co-time and co-frequency transceiving capability. {However, the potential gain brought by FD radios is closely related to the management of self-interference (SI), which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Yingyang Chen , Yuncong Li , Miaowen Wen , Duoying Zhang , Bingli Jiao , Zhiguo Ding , Theodoros A. Tsiftsis , H. Vincent Poor

This letter considers the secure communication in a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided full duplex (FD) system. An FD base station (BS) serves an uplink (UL) user and a downlink (DL) user simultaneously over the same…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-27 Pengxin Guan , Yiru Wang , Yuping Zhao

Recently, beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) has been proposed to generalize conventional RIS. BD-RIS has a scattering matrix that is not restricted to being diagonal and thus brings a performance improvement over…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Matteo Nerini , Shanpu Shen , Hongyu Li , Bruno Clerckx

Beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (BD-RISs) extend conventional diagonal RISs by allowing inter-element coupling, thereby enlarging the set of attainable scattering matrices and improving the achievable signal-to-noise…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-08 Konstantinos Ntougias , Ioannis Krikidis

Beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) extends conventional RIS through novel architectures, such as group-connected RIS, with scattering matrix not restricted to being diagonal. However, it remains unexplored how to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Matteo Nerini , Shanpu Shen , Bruno Clerckx

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is commonly made of low-cost passive and reflective meta-materials with excellent beam steering capabilities. It is applied to enhance wireless communication systems as a customizable signal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Kun Chen-Hu , Petar Popovski

We consider the optimization of beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS)-aided multi-user (MU) cell-free (CF)-massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems, where the propagation environment design achieved…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-18 Iván Alexander Morales Sandoval , Marko Fidanovski , Hyeon Seok Rou , Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu , Emil Björnson

This paper delves into the unexplored frequency-dependent characteristics of beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (BD-RISs). A generalized practical frequency-dependent reflection model is proposed as a fundamental framework…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-25 Arthur S. de Sena , Mehdi Rasti , Nurul H. Mahmood , Matti Latva-aho

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have been actively researched as a potential technique for future wireless communications, which intelligently ameliorate the signal propagation environment. In the conventional design, each RIS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Qingchao Li , Mohammed El-Hajjar , Ibrahim Hemadeh , Arman Shojaeifard , Alain A. M. Mourad , Bruno Clerckx , Lajos Hanzo

The sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks will rely on ultra-dense multi-cell deployment to meet the high rate and connectivity demands. However, frequency reuse leads to severe inter-cell interference, particularly for cell-edge users,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shuo Zheng , Shuowen Zhang

Different from conventional reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), a recent innovation called simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) has emerged, aimed at achieving complete 360-degree…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Abdelhamid Salem , Kai-Kit Wong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Yangyang Zhang

This work initiates the study of a beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS)-aided transmitter architecture for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band. Deploying BD-RIS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Kexin Chen , Yijie Mao

Beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) is a family of RIS architectures more flexible than conventional RIS. While BD-RIS has been primarily analyzed assuming uni-polarized systems, modern wireless deployments are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Matteo Nerini , Bruno Clerckx

Full-duplex (FD) is an attractive technology that can significantly boost the throughput of wireless communications. However, it is limited by the severe self-interference (SI) from the transmitter to the local receiver. In this paper, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Jiayan Wu , Wenchi Cheng , Jianyu Wang , Jingqing Wang , Wei Zhang

This work focuses on the synergy of rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) and beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) to enlarge the coverage, improve the performance, and save on antennas. Specifically, we employ a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Hongyu Li , Shanpu Shen , Bruno Clerckx

This paper proposes to deploy multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in device-to-device (D2D)-underlaid cellular systems. The uplink sum-rate of the system is maximized by jointly optimizing the transmit powers of the users,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Yashuai Cao , Tiejun Lv , Wei Ni , Zhipeng Lin