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The last decade has seen significant advances in computer-aided diagnostics for cytological screening, mainly through the improvement and integration of scanning techniques such as whole slide imaging (WSI) and the combination with deep…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-23 Philip Groult , Julia D. Sistermanns , Ellen Emken , Oliver Hayden , Wolfgang Utschick

In computational pathology, multiple instance learning (MIL) is widely used to circumvent the computational impasse in giga-pixel whole slide image (WSI) analysis. It usually consists of two stages: patch-level feature extraction and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Beidi Zhao , Wenlong Deng , Zi Han , Li , Chen Zhou , Zuhua Gao , Gang Wang , Xiaoxiao Li

Analyzing high resolution whole slide images (WSIs) with regard to information across multiple scales poses a significant challenge in digital pathology. Multi-instance learning (MIL) is a common solution for working with high resolution…

Whole slide images (WSIs) in computational pathology (CPath) pose a major computational challenge due to their gigapixel scale, often requiring the processing of tens to hundreds of thousands of high-resolution patches per slide. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yonghan Shin , SeungKyu Kim , Won-Ki Jeong

Digital whole slide images (WSIs) are generally captured at microscopic resolution and encompass extensive spatial data. Directly feeding these images to deep learning models is computationally intractable due to memory constraints, while…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-22 Manahil Raza , Ruqayya Awan , Raja Muhammad Saad Bashir , Talha Qaiser , Nasir M. Rajpoot

Pathology is essential for cancer diagnosis, with multiple instance learning (MIL) widely used for whole slide image (WSI) analysis. WSIs exhibit a natural hierarchy -- patches, regions, and slides -- with distinct semantic associations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Peixiang Huang , Yanyan Huang , Weiqin Zhao , Junjun He , Lequan Yu

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) are giga-pixel in scale and are typically partitioned into small instances in WSI classification pipelines for computational feasibility. However, obtaining extensive instance level annotations is costly, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jayanie Bogahawatte , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge

Recent breakthroughs in object detection and image classification using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are revolutionizing the state of the art in medical imaging, and microscopy in particular presents abundant opportunities for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-07 Rui Aguiar , Jon Braatz

We propose a modular framework for predicting cancer specific survival directly from whole slide pathology images (WSIs). The framework consists of four key stages designed to capture prognostic and morphological heterogeneity. First, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Ardhendu Sekhar , Vasu Soni , Keshav Aske , Garima Jain , Pranav Jeevan , Amit Sethi

Recent advancements in Digital Pathology (DP), particularly through artificial intelligence and Foundation Models, have underscored the importance of large-scale, diverse, and richly annotated datasets. Despite their critical role, publicly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Dmitry Nechaev , Alexey Pchelnikov , Ekaterina Ivanova

The use of artificial intelligence to enable precision medicine and decision support systems through the analysis of pathology images has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Such applications will depend on…

Foundation models (FMs) are transforming computational pathology by offering new ways to analyze histopathology images. However, FMs typically require weeks of training on large databases, making their creation a resource-intensive process.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Till Nicke , Daniela Schacherer , Jan Raphael Schäfer , Natalia Artysh , Antje Prasse , André Homeyer , Andrea Schenk , Henning Höfener , Johannes Lotz

Deciphering tumor microenvironment from Whole Slide Images (WSIs) is intriguing as it is key to cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response. While these gigapixel images on one hand offer a comprehensive portrait of cancer, on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kunpeng Zhang , Hanwen Xu , Sheng Wang

Nucleus detection in histopathology whole slide images (WSIs) is crucial for a broad spectrum of clinical applications. The gigapixel size of WSIs necessitates the use of sliding window methodology for nucleus detection. However, mainstream…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Zhongyi Shui , Honglin Li , Yunlong Zhang , Yuxuan Sun , Yiwen Ye , Pingyi Chen , Ruizhe Guo , Lei Cui , Chenglu Zhu , Lin Yang

Whole-slide image analysis is essential for diagnostic tasks in pathology, yet existing deep learning methods primarily rely on flat classification, ignoring hierarchical relationships among class labels. In this study, we propose HiClass,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Keunho Byeon , Jinsol Song , Seong Min Hong , Yosep Chong , Jin Tae Kwak

High-throughput "pathomic" analysis of Whole Slide Images (WSIs) offers new opportunities to study tissue characteristics and for biomarker discovery. However, the clinical relevance of the tissue characteristics at the micro- and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yuechen Yang , Junlin Guo , Yanfan Zhu , Jialin Yue , Junchao Zhu , Yu Wang , Shilin Zhao , Haichun Yang , Xingyi Guo , Jovan Tanevski , Laura Barisoni , Avi Z. Rosenberg , Yuankai Huo

Poor performance of quantitative analysis in histopathological Whole Slide Images (WSI) has been a significant obstacle in clinical practice. Annotating large-scale WSIs manually is a demanding and time-consuming task, unlikely to yield the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Sarah Cechnicka , James Ball , Hadrien Reynaud , Callum Arthurs , Candice Roufosse , Bernhard Kainz

Recently, various deep learning methods have shown significant successes in medical image analysis, especially in the detection of cancer metastases in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained whole-slide images (WSIs). However, in order to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Yinsheng He , Xingyu Li

Digital pathology involves converting physical tissue slides into high-resolution Whole Slide Images (WSIs), which pathologists analyze for disease-affected tissues. However, large histology slides with numerous microscopic fields pose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-19 Mobina Mansoori , Sajjad Shahabodini , Jamshid Abouei , Arash Mohammadi , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

In pathological research, education, and clinical practice, the decision-making process based on pathological images is critically important. This significance extends to digital pathology image analysis: its adequacy is demonstrated by the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-19 Zhi-Bo Liu , Xiaobo Pang , Jizhao Wang , Shuai Liu , Chen Li
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