Related papers: Repeated sampling of different individuals but the…

The intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) plays an important role while designing the cluster randomized trials (CRTs). Often optimal CRTs are designed assuming that the magnitude of the ICC is constant across the clusters. However,…

Selecting subsets of features that differentiate between two conditions is a key task in a broad range of scientific domains. In many applications, the features of interest form clusters with similar effects on the data at hand. To recover…

Difference-in-differences (DiD) is arguably the most popular quasi-experimental research design. Its canonical form, with two groups and two periods, is well-understood. However, empirical practices can be ad hoc when researchers go beyond…

Modern heterogeneity-robust difference-in-differences estimators derive their asymptotic properties under iid, cluster, or fixed-design frameworks that abstract from complex survey sampling, yet practitioners routinely apply them to…

Similarity-based clustering methods separate data into clusters according to the pairwise similarity between the data, and the pairwise similarity is crucial for their performance. In this paper, we propose {\em Clustering by Discriminative…

Context: The effectiveness of data selection approaches in improving the performance of cross project defect prediction(CPDP) has been shown in multiple previous studies. Beside that, replication studies play an important role in the…

Researchers commonly use difference-in-differences (DiD) designs to evaluate public policy interventions. While methods exist for estimating effects in the context of binary interventions, policies often result in varied exposures across…

Evaluating modern machine learning models has become prohibitively expensive. Benchmarks such as LMMs-Eval and HELM demand thousands of GPU hours per model. Costly evaluation reduces inclusivity, slows the cycle of innovation, and worsens…

The Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) is a quasi-experimental design that estimates the causal effect of a treatment when its assignment is defined by a threshold value for a continuous assignment variable. The RDD assumes that subjects…

Prediction models for clinical outcomes may be developed using a source dataset and additionally applied to new settings. Towards model external validation and model updating in the new setting, one procedure is model modification learning…

Learning causal structure from observational data is a fundamental challenge in machine learning. However, the majority of commonly used differentiable causal discovery methods are non-identifiable, turning this problem into a continuous…

Purpose: In curriculum learning, the idea is to train on easier samples first and gradually increase the difficulty, while in self-paced learning, a pacing function defines the speed to adapt the training progress. While both methods…

Differences-in-differences (DiD) is a causal inference method for observational longitudinal data that assumes parallel expected potential outcome trajectories between treatment groups under the counterfactual scenario where all units…

Recently, result diversification has attracted a lot of attention as a means to improve the quality of results retrieved by user queries. In this paper, we propose a new, intuitive definition of diversity called DisC diversity. A DisC…

One of the main problems in applying deep learning techniques to recognize activities of daily living (ADLs) based on inertial sensors is the lack of appropriately large labelled datasets to train deep learning-based models. A large amount…

We present deep significance clustering (DICE), a framework for jointly performing representation learning and clustering for "outcome-aware" stratification. DICE is intended to generate cluster membership that may be used to categorize a…

Background: When planning a cluster randomized trial, evaluators often have access to an enumerated cohort representing the target population of clusters. Practicalities of conducting the trial, such as the need to oversample clusters with…

The Stepped Wedge Design (SWD) is a form of cluster randomized trial, usually comparing two treatments, which is divided into time periods and sequences, with clusters allocated to sequences. Typically all sequences start with the standard…

Deep clustering has gained significant attention due to its capability in learning clustering-friendly representations without labeled data. However, previous deep clustering methods tend to treat all samples equally, which neglect the…

Clustering has been a major research topic in the field of machine learning, one to which Deep Learning has recently been applied with significant success. However, an aspect of clustering that is not addressed by existing deep clustering…