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Related papers: Belief patterns with information processing

200 papers

A principal delegates choice to an agent whose decision depends on both beliefs and tastes. The principal can steer the delegated decision using two costly instruments: (i) an information policy that determines a Bayes--plausible…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-12 Kemal Ozbek

Bayesian persuasion, an extension of cheap-talk communication, involves an informed sender committing to a signaling scheme to influence a receiver's actions. Compared to cheap talk, this sender's commitment enables the receiver to verify…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yue Lin , Shuhui Zhu , William A Cunningham , Wenhao Li , Pascal Poupart , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

We study belief revision when information is represented by a set of probability distributions, or general information. General information extends the standard event notion while including qualitative information (A is more likely than B),…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-02-04 Adam Dominiak , Matthew Kovach , Gerelt Tserenjigmid

We develop a Bayesian model for decision-making under time pressure with endogenous information acquisition. In our model, the decision maker decides when to observe (costly) information by sampling an underlying continuous-time stochastic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Ahmed M. Alaa , Mihaela van der Schaar

In this paper, we are concerned with attributing meaning to the results of a Bayesian analysis for a problem which is sufficiently complex that we are unable to assert a precise correspondence between the expert probabilistic judgements of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-04 Daniel Williamson , Michael Goldstein

Common sense suggests that when individuals explain why they believe something, we can arrive at more accurate conclusions than when they simply state what they believe. Yet, there is no known mechanism that provides incentives to elicit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Siddarth Srinivasan , Ezra Karger , Michiel Bakker , Yiling Chen

In decision problems under incomplete information, actions (identified to payoff vectors indexed by states of nature) and beliefs are naturally paired by bilinear duality. We exploit this duality to analyze the value of information, using…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-21 Michel de Lara , Olivier Gossner

In recent studies of political decision-making, apparently anomalous behavior has been observed on the part of voters, in which negative information about a candidate strengthens, rather than weakens, a prior positive opinion about the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-06-12 William W. Cohen , David P. Redlawsk , Douglas Pierce

We consider information filtering, in which we face a stream of items too voluminous to process by hand (e.g., scientific articles, blog posts, emails), and must rely on a computer system to automatically filter out irrelevant items. Such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-02-10 Xiaoting Zhao , Peter I. Frazier

Decision tree induction systems are being used for knowledge acquisition in noisy domains. This paper develops a subjective Bayesian interpretation of the task tackled by these systems and the heuristic methods they use. It is argued that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Wray L. Buntine

People naturally bring their prior beliefs to bear on how they interpret the new information, yet few formal models exist for accounting for the influence of users' prior beliefs in interactions with data presentations like visualizations.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-11 Yea-Seul Kim , Logan A Walls , Peter Krafft , Jessica Hullman

We introduce and analyze the problem of the compilation of decision models from a decision-theoretic perspective. The techniques described allow us to evaluate various configurations of compiled knowledge given the nature of evidential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-08 David Heckerman , John S. Breese , Eric J. Horvitz

Motivated reasoning posits that people distort how they process information in the direction of beliefs they find attractive. This paper creates a novel experimental design to identify motivated reasoning from Bayesian updating when people…

General Economics · Economics 2022-05-26 Michael Thaler

Previous work suggests that people's preference for different kinds of information depends on more than just accuracy. This could happen because the messages contained within different pieces of information may either be well-liked or…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Alexandros Efstratiou , Emiliano De Cristofaro

We design a double-or-quits game to compare the speed of learning one's specific ability with the speed of rising confidence as the task gets increasingly difficult. We find that people on average learn to be overconfident faster than they…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2017-07-11 Louis Lévy-Garboua , Muniza Askari , Marco Gazel

Interest in how democracies form consensus has increased recently, with statistical physics and economics approaches both suggesting that there is convergence to a fixed point in belief networks, but with fluctuations in opinions when there…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Emily Dong , Sarah Marzen

In this paper, we study axiomatic foundations of Bayesian persuasion, where a principal (i.e., sender) delegates the task of choice making after informing a biased agent (i.e., receiver) about the payoff relevant uncertain state (see, e.g.,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-12-30 Youichiro Higashi , Kemal Ozbek , Norio Takeoka

To make decisions we are guided by the evidence we collect, as well as the opinions of friends and neighbors. How do we integrate our private beliefs with information we obtain from our social network? To understand the strategies humans…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-03-04 Bhargav Karamched , Simon Stolarczyk , Zachary Kilpatrick , Krešimir Josić

Perceptions of political bias in the media are formed directly, through the independent consumption of the published outputs of a media organization, and indirectly, through observing the collective responses of political allies and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-06-28 Nicholas Kah Yean Low , Andrew Melatos

We investigate joint optimization on information acquisition and portfolio selection within a Bayesian adaptive framework. The investor dynamically controls the precision of a private signal and incurs costs while updating her belief about…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Zongxia Liang , Shu Wang , Jianming Xia