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Fine-tuning pre-trained models has recently yielded remarkable performance gains in graph neural networks (GNNs). In addition to pre-training techniques, inspired by the latest work in the natural language fields, more recent work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Shengrui Li , Xueting Han , Jing Bai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown extraordinary success across various text generation tasks; however, their potential for simple yet essential text classification remains underexplored, as LLM pre-training tends to emphasize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zhexiong Liu , Diane Litman

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become a dominant paradigm for deploying LLMs in multi-task scenarios due to its extreme parameter efficiency. While Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) based LoRA variants have achieved promising results by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jia-Chen Zhang , Zhen-Wei Yan , Yu-Jie Xiong , Chun-Ming Xia

Current LLM-based services typically require users to submit raw text regardless of its sensitivity. While intuitive, such practice introduces substantial privacy risks, as unauthorized access may expose personal, medical, or legal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jeongho Yoon , Chanhee Park , Yongchan Chun , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) have become the de facto starting point for fine-tuning on downstream tasks. However, as model sizes continue to increase, traditional fine-tuning of all the parameters becomes challenging. To address this,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Bharat Runwal , Tejaswini Pedapati , Pin-Yu Chen

Parameter efficient fine tuning (PEFT) is a versatile and extensible approach for adapting a Large Language Model (LLM) for newer tasks. One of the most prominent PEFT approaches, Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA), primarily focuses on adjusting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Harsh Nilesh Pathak , Randy Paffenroth

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is crucial for customizing Large Language Models (LLMs) with constrained resources. Although there have been various PEFT methods for dense-architecture LLMs, PEFT for sparse-architecture LLMs is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Zihan Wang , Deli Chen , Damai Dai , Runxin Xu , Zhuoshu Li , Y. Wu

Prior parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) algorithms reduce memory usage and computational costs of fine-tuning large neural network models by training only a few additional adapter parameters, rather than the entire model. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Sunghyeon Woo , Sol Namkung , Sunwoo Lee , Inho Jeong , Beomseok Kim , Dongsuk Jeon

In the realm of Medical Visual Language Models (Med-VLMs), the quest for universal efficient fine-tuning mechanisms remains paramount, especially given researchers in interdisciplinary fields are often extremely short of training resources,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Jiawei Chen , Dingkang Yang , Yue Jiang , Mingcheng Li , Jinjie Wei , Xiaolu Hou , Lihua Zhang

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) and related fields. However, fine-tuning these models for specific tasks remains computationally expensive and risks degrading…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Md Kowsher , Nusrat Jahan Prottasha , Prakash Bhat

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques make it possible to efficiently adapt a language model to create "expert" models that specialize to new tasks or domains. Recent techniques in model merging and compositional generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Prateek Yadav , Leshem Choshen , Colin Raffel , Mohit Bansal

With the rise of cloud-edge collaboration, recommendation services are increasingly trained in distributed environments. Federated Recommendation (FR) enables such multi-end collaborative training while preserving privacy by sharing model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Haochen Yuan , Yang Zhang , Xiang He , Quan Z. Sheng , Zhongjie Wang

Many recent studies have focused on fine-tuning pre-trained models for speech emotion recognition (SER), resulting in promising performance compared to traditional methods that rely largely on low-level, knowledge-inspired acoustic…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Tiantian Feng , Shrikanth Narayanan

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks via full fine-tuning is increasingly impractical due to its computational and memory demands. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) approaches such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jing Gao , Zhong-Yi Lu , Pan Zhang , Ze-Feng Gao

As large language models (LLMs) are widely adopted, new safety issues and policies emerge, to which existing safety classifiers do not generalize well. If we have only observed a few examples of violations of a new safety rule, how can we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Ananth Balashankar , Xiao Ma , Aradhana Sinha , Ahmad Beirami , Yao Qin , Jilin Chen , Alex Beutel

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have gained significant attention, which aims to achieve efficient fine-tuning of LLMs with fewer parameters. As a representative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Dacao Zhang , Kun Zhang , Shimao Chu , Le Wu , Xin Li , Si Wei

Adapter-based Federated Large Language Models (FedLLMs) are widely adopted to reduce the computational, storage, and communication overhead of full-parameter fine-tuning for web-scale applications while preserving user privacy. By freezing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Silong Chen , Yuchuan Luo , Guilin Deng , Yi Liu , Min Xu , Shaojing Fu , Xiaohua Jia

Smaller LLMs still face significant challenges even in medium-resourced languages, particularly when it comes to language-specific knowledge -- a problem not easily resolved with machine-translated data. In this case study on Icelandic, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jenny Kunz

The detection of hate speech has become increasingly important in combating online hostility and its real-world consequences. Despite recent advancements, there is limited research addressing hate speech detection in Devanagari-scripted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Rushendra Sidibomma , Pransh Patwa , Parth Patwa , Aman Chadha , Vinija Jain , Amitava Das

It has become a popular paradigm to transfer the knowledge of large-scale pre-trained models to various downstream tasks via fine-tuning the entire model parameters. However, with the growth of model scale and the rising number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Anchun Gui , Jinqiang Ye , Han Xiao