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Advanced Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with recent Knowledge-based VQA tasks, such as INFOSEEK and Encyclopedic-VQA, due to their limited and frozen knowledge scope, often leading to ambiguous and inaccurate responses.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Tao Zhang , Ziqi Zhang , Zongyang Ma , Yuxin Chen , Zhongang Qi , Chunfeng Yuan , Bing Li , Junfu Pu , Yuxuan Zhao , Zehua Xie , Jin Ma , Ying Shan , Weiming Hu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success, yet they remain prone to perception-related hallucinations in fine-grained tasks. This vulnerability arises from a fundamental limitation: their reasoning is largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Jiazhou Zhou , Yucheng Chen , Hongyang Li , Qing Jiang , Hu Zhou , Ying-Cong Chen , Lei Zhang

Remote Sensing Visual Question Answering (RSVQA) is a challenging task that involves interpreting complex satellite imagery to answer natural language questions. Traditional approaches often rely on separate visual feature extractors and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Surasakdi Siripong , Apirak Chaiyapan , Thanakorn Phonchai

Large Language Models (LLMs), benefiting from the auto-regressive modelling approach performed on massive unannotated texts corpora, demonstrates powerful perceptual and reasoning capabilities. However, as for extending auto-regressive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Tianshuo Peng , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Hai Zhao , Ping Wang , Bo Du

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated great performance on visual question answering (VQA). When it comes to knowledge-based Visual Question Answering (KB-VQA), MLLMs may lack the specialized domain knowledge needed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Weixi Weng , Jieming Zhu , Xiaojun Meng , Hao Zhang , Rui Zhang , Chun Yuan

Small Language Models (SLMs) are a cost-effective alternative to Large Language Models (LLMs), but often struggle with complex reasoning due to their limited capacity and a tendency to produce mistakes or inconsistent answers during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuanfeng Xu , Zehui Dai , Jian Liang , Jiapeng Guan , Guangrun Wang , Liang Lin , Xiaohui Lv

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in text understanding and embedding tasks. However, their potential in multimodal representation, particularly for item-to-item (I2I) recommendations, remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chao Zhang , Haoxin Zhang , Shiwei Wu , Di Wu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved significant multimodal generation capabilities, akin to GPT-4. These models predominantly map visual information into language representation space, leveraging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yunxin Li , Zhenyu Liu , Baotian Hu , Wei Wang , Yuxin Ding , Xiaochun Cao , Min Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) as autonomous agents offer a novel avenue for tackling real-world challenges through a knowledge-driven manner. These LLM-enhanced methodologies excel in generalization and interpretability. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Kemou Jiang , Xuan Cai , Zhiyong Cui , Aoyong Li , Yilong Ren , Haiyang Yu , Hao Yang , Daocheng Fu , Licheng Wen , Pinlong Cai

Multimodal LLMs are turning their focus to video benchmarks, however most video benchmarks only provide outcome supervision, with no intermediate or interpretable reasoning steps. This makes it challenging to assess if models are truly able…

We present a novel pipeline, ReflectEvo, to demonstrate that small language models (SLMs) can enhance meta introspection through reflection learning. This process iteratively generates self-reflection for self-training, fostering a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jiaqi Li , Xinyi Dong , Yang Liu , Zhizhuo Yang , Quansen Wang , Xiaobo Wang , SongChun Zhu , Zixia Jia , Zilong Zheng

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various perception and reasoning tasks. Despite this success, ensuring their reliability in practical deployment necessitates robust confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yunkai Dang , Yifan Jiang , Yizhu Jiang , Anqi Chen , Wenbin Li , Yang Gao

Seeing clearly with high resolution is a foundation of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), which has been proven to be vital for visual perception and reasoning. Existing works usually employ a straightforward resolution upscaling method, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Yi-Fan Zhang , Qingsong Wen , Chaoyou Fu , Xue Wang , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Rong Jin

Large multimodal models (LMMs) combine unimodal encoders and large language models (LLMs) to perform multimodal tasks. Despite recent advancements towards the interpretability of these models, understanding internal representations of LMMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jayneel Parekh , Pegah Khayatan , Mustafa Shukor , Alasdair Newson , Matthieu Cord

Despite the advancements made in Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs), like text Large Language Models (LLMs), they have limitations in addressing questions that require real-time information or are knowledge-intensive. Indiscriminately…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zhuo Chen , Xinyu Wang , Yong Jiang , Zhen Zhang , Xinyu Geng , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Kewei Tu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, particularly in textual mathematical problem-solving. However, existing open-source image instruction fine-tuning datasets, containing limited question-answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wenhao Shi , Zhiqiang Hu , Yi Bin , Junhua Liu , Yang Yang , See-Kiong Ng , Lidong Bing , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Question answering, asking, and assessment are three innate human traits crucial for understanding the world and acquiring knowledge. By enhancing these capabilities, humans can more effectively utilize data, leading to better comprehension…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Henry Hengyuan Zhao , Pan Zhou , Difei Gao , Zechen Bai , Mike Zheng Shou

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on several tasks and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. However, especially in high-stakes settings, it becomes vital to know when the output of an LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yu-Neng Chuang , Prathusha Kameswara Sarma , Parikshit Gopalan , John Boccio , Sara Bolouki , Xia Hu , Helen Zhou

Vision Language Models (VLMs), which extend Large Language Models (LLM) by incorporating visual understanding capability, have demonstrated significant advancements in addressing open-ended visual question-answering (VQA) tasks. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Wenbo Hu , Yifan Xu , Yi Li , Weiyue Li , Zeyuan Chen , Zhuowen Tu

The rise of multimodal misinformation on social platforms poses significant challenges for individuals and societies. Its increased credibility and broader impact compared to textual misinformation make detection complex, requiring robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Keyang Xuan , Li Yi , Fan Yang , Ruochen Wu , Yi R. Fung , Heng Ji