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Material properties strongly depend on the nature and concentration of defects. Characterizing these features may require nano- to atomic-scale resolution to establish structure-property relationships. 4D-STEM, a technique where diffraction…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-03 Stephanie M. Ribet , Colin Ophus , Roberto dos Reis , Vinayak P. Dravid

Object detectors achieve strong performance under nominal imaging conditions but can fail silently when exposed to blur, noise, compression, adverse weather, or resolution changes. In safety-critical settings, it is therefore insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Stefan Becker , Simon Weiss , Wolfgang Hübner , Michael Arens

Surface defects are a primary source of yield loss in manufacturing, yet existing anomaly detection methods often fail in real-world deployment due to limited and unrepresentative datasets. To overcome this, we introduce 3D-ADAM, a 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Paul McHard , Florent P. Audonnet , Oliver Summerell , Sebastian Andraos , Paul Henderson , Gerardo Aragon-Camarasa

We describe a method for unpaired realistic depth synthesis that learns diverse variations from the real-world depth scans and ensures geometric consistency between the synthetic and synthesized depth. The synthesized realistic depth can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Yuefan Shen , Yanchao Yang , Youyi Zheng , C. Karen Liu , Leonidas Guibas

We propose a new paradigm to automatically generate training data with accurate labels at scale using the text-to-image synthesis frameworks (e.g., DALL-E, Stable Diffusion, etc.). The proposed approach1 decouples training data generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Yunhao Ge , Jiashu Xu , Brian Nlong Zhao , Neel Joshi , Laurent Itti , Vibhav Vineet

In the manufacturing industry, defect detection is an essential but challenging task aiming to detect defects generated in the process of production. Though traditional YOLO models presents a good performance in defect detection, they still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Zuo Zuo , Jiahao Dong , Yue Gao , Zongze Wu

In the conventional change detection (CD) pipeline, two manually registered and labeled remote sensing datasets serve as the input of the model for training and prediction. However, in realistic scenarios, data from different periods or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Yitao Zhao , Heng-Chao Li , Nanqing Liu , Rui Wang

Visual anomaly detection (AD) for industrial inspection is a highly relevant task in modern production environments. The problem becomes particularly challenging when training and deployment data differ due to changes in acquisition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Lukas Roming , Felix Lehnerer , Jonas V. Funk , Andreas Michel , Georg Maier , Thomas Längle , Jürgen Beyerer

The paper explores the industrial multimodal Anomaly Detection (AD) task, which exploits point clouds and RGB images to localize anomalies. We introduce a novel light and fast framework that learns to map features from one modality to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Alex Costanzino , Pierluigi Zama Ramirez , Giuseppe Lisanti , Luigi Di Stefano

Reconstruction-based anomaly detection models achieve their purpose by suppressing the generalization ability for anomaly. However, diverse normal patterns are consequently not well reconstructed as well. Although some efforts have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Wenrui Liu , Hong Chang , Bingpeng Ma , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Video generation powers a vast array of downstream applications. However, while the de facto standard, i.e., latent diffusion models, typically employ heavily conditioned denoising networks, their decoders often remain unconditional. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xiang Fan , Yuheng Wang , Bohan Fang , Zhongzheng Ren , Ranjay Krishna

Learning to generate natural scenes has always been a daunting task in computer vision. This is even more laborious when generating images with very different views. When the views are very different, the view fields have little overlap or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Hao Ding , Songsong Wu , Hao Tang , Fei Wu , Guangwei Gao , Xiao-Yuan Jing

Anomalies can be defined as any non-random structure which deviates from normality. Anomaly detection methods reported in the literature are numerous and diverse, as what is considered anomalous usually varies depending on particular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Matias Tailanian , Pablo Musé , Álvaro Pardo

Anomaly detection in complex, high-dimensional data, such as UAV sensor readings, is essential for operational safety but challenging for existing methods due to their limited sensitivity, scalability, and inability to capture intricate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mingze Gong , Juan Du , Jianbang You

Recent advances in diffusion models have spurred research into their application for Reconstruction-based unsupervised anomaly detection. However, these methods may struggle with maintaining structural integrity and recovering the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Farzad Beizaee , Gregory A. Lodygensky , Christian Desrosiers , Jose Dolz

Automated visual inspection in medical-device manufacturing faces unique challenges, including extremely low defect rates, limited annotated data, hardware restrictions on production lines, and the need for validated, explainable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Julio Zanon Diaz , Georgios Siogkas , Peter Corcoran

Surface defect detection is significant in industrial production. However, detecting defects with varying textures and anomaly classes during the test time is challenging. This arises due to the differences in data distributions between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yiran Song , Qianyu Zhou , Lizhuang Ma

Time series anomaly detection holds notable importance for risk identification and fault detection across diverse application domains. Unsupervised learning methods have become popular because they have no requirement for labels. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Wenxin Zhang , Xiaojian Lin , Wenjun Yu , Guangzhen Yao , jingxiang Zhong , Yu Li , Renda Han , Songcheng Xu , Hao Shi , Cuicui Luo

Logical anomaly detection in industrial inspection remains challenging due to variations in visual appearance (e.g., background clutter, illumination shift, and blur), which often distract vision-centric detectors from identifying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hiroto Nakata , Yawen Zou , Shunsuke Sakai , Shun Maeda , Chunzhi Gu , Yijin Wei , Shangce Gao , Chao Zhang

Anomaly detection (AD) is a critical task across domains such as cybersecurity and healthcare. In the unsupervised setting, an effective and theoretically-grounded principle is to train classifiers to distinguish normal data from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-18 Matthew Lau , Tian-Yi Zhou , Xiangchi Yuan , Jizhou Chen , Wenke Lee , Xiaoming Huo