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The discovery of an algorithm for factoring which runs in polynomial time on a quantum computer has given rise to a concerted effort to understand the principles, advantages, and limitations of quantum computing. At the same time, many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Chris Adami , Jonathan P. Dowling

This article proposes a new method to inject backdoors in RSA and other cryptographic primitives based on the Integer Factorization problem for balanced semi-primes. The method relies on mathematical congruences among the factors of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Marco Cesati

Quantum computing is poised to dramatically change the computational landscape, worldwide. Quantum computers can solve complex problems that are, at least in some cases, beyond the ability of even advanced future classical-style computers.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Dominic Rosch-Grace , Jeremy Straub

The security of RSA algorithm depends upon the positive integer N, which is the multiple of two precise large prime numbers. Factorization of such great numbers is a problematic process. There are many algorithms has been implemented in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-01-13 Nidhi Lal , Anurag Prakash Singh , Shishupal Kumar

In this article we develop an algorithm which computes a divisor of an integer $N$, which is assumed to be neither prime nor the power of a prime. The algorithm uses discrete time heat diffusion on a finite graph. If $N$ has $m$ distinct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Carlos A. Cadavid , Paulina Hoyos , Jay Jorgenson , Lejla Smajlović , Juan D. Vélez

This note introduces a new class of integer factoring algorithms. Two versions of this method will be described, deterministic and probabilistic. These algorithms are practical, and can factor large classes of balanced integers N = pq, p <…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. A. Carella

A number of elegant approaches have been developed for the identification of quantum circuits which can be efficiently simulated on a classical computer. Recently, these methods have been employed to demonstrate the classical simulability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-13 Daniel E. Browne

The recent discovery of fully-homomorphic classical encryption schemes has had a dramatic effect on the direction of modern cryptography. Such schemes, however, implicitly rely on the assumptions that solving certain computation problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-31 Yingkai Ouyang , Si-Hui Tan , Joseph Fitzsimons

This is an expository talk written for the Bourbaki Seminar. After a brief introduction, Section 1 discusses in the categorical language the structure of the classical deterministic computations. Basic notions of complexity icluding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuri I. Manin

With the development of Shor's algorithm, some nondeterministic polynomial (NP) time problems (e.g. prime factorization problems and discrete logarithm problems) may be solved in polynomial time. In recent years, although some homomorphic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Abel C. H. Chen

Quantum algorithms can break factoring and discrete logarithm based cryptography and weaken symmetric cryptography and hash functions. In order to estimate the real-world impact of these attacks, apart from tracking the development of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-11 Vlad Gheorghiu , Michele Mosca

Integer factorization is a famous computational problem unknown whether being solvable in the polynomial time. With the rise of deep neural networks, it is interesting whether they can facilitate faster factorization. We present an approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Karlis Freivalds , Emils Ozolins , Guntis Barzdins

Current gate-based quantum computers have the potential to provide a computational advantage if algorithms use quantum hardware efficiently. To make combinatorial optimization more efficient, we introduce the Filtering Variational Quantum…

Shor's factorisation algorithm is a combination of classical pre- and post-processing and a quantum period finding (QPF) subroutine which allows an exponential speed up over classical factoring algorithms. We consider the stability of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 Simon J. Devitt , Austin G. Fowler , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

The quantum computer algorithm by Peter Shor for factorization of integers is studied. The quantum nature of a QC makes its outcome random. The output probability distribution is investigated and the chances of a successful operation is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Göran Einarsson

In this paper, we present an approach to integer factorization using distributed representations formed with Vector Symbolic Architectures. The approach formulates integer factorization in a manner such that it can be solved using neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Denis Kleyko , Connor Bybee , Christopher J. Kymn , Bruno A. Olshausen , Amir Khosrowshahi , Dmitri E. Nikonov , Friedrich T. Sommer , E. Paxon Frady

We develop a classically verifiable scheme for blindly factorizing the semiprime 21 quantumly for a classical client who does not trust the remote quantum servers. Our scheme advances state of the art, which achieves blind factorization of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Aritra Das , Barry C. Sanders

Truncated Fourier, Gauss, Kummer and exponential sums can be used to factorize numbers: for a factor these sums equal unity in absolute value, whereas they nearly vanish for any other number. We show how this factorization algorithm can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-21 A. A. Rangelov

We have developed a framework to convert an arbitrary integer factorization problem to an executable Ising model by first writing it as an optimization function and then transforming the k-bit coupling ($k\geq 3$) terms to quadratic terms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 Shuxian Jiang , Keith A. Britt , Alexander J. McCaskey , Travis S. Humble , Sabre Kais

Shor's quantum factoring algorithm and a few other efficient quantum algorithms break many classical crypto-systems. In response, people proposed post-quantum cryptography based on computational problems that are believed hard even for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-09 Fang Song