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As we move towards 6G, the demand for high-precision, cost-effective positioning solutions becomes increasingly critical. Single-anchor positioning offers a promising alternative to traditional multi-anchor approaches, particularly in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Thodoris Spanos , Fran Fabra , José A. López-Salcedo , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Nikos Kanistras , Ivan Lapin , Vassilis Paliouras

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation techniques in 5G environments, using the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) in Uplink scenarios both in simulations and with actual measurements. Leveraging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Thodoris Spanos , Fran Fabra , José A. López-Salcedo , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Nikos Kanistras , Ivan Lapin , Vassilis Paliouras

5G New Radio (NR) is a key enabler of accurate positioning in smart cities and smart factories. This paper presents the experimental results from three 5G positioning testbeds running open-source OpenAirInterface (OAI) gNB and Core Network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Mohsen Ahadi , Adeel Malik , Omid Esrafilian , Florian Kaltenberger , Cedric Thienot

Accurate positioning is a key enabler for emerging 5G applications. While the standardized Location Management Function (LMF) operates centrally within the core network, its scalability and latency limitations hinder low-latency and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Alberto Ceresoli , Viola Bernazzoli , Roberto Pegurri , Ilario Filippini

This paper investigates user equipment (UE) assisted device-free networked sensing in the sixth-generation (6G) integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, where one base station (BS) and multiple UEs, such as unmanned aerial…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-06 Xianzhen Guo , Qin Shi , Shuowen Zhang , Chengwen Xing , Liang Liu

In this paper, we exploit the 3D-beamforming features of multiantenna equipment employed in fifth generation (5G) networks, operating in the millimeter wave (mmW) band, for accurate positioning and tracking of users. We consider sequential…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Elizaveta Rastorgueva-Foi , Mário Costa , Mike Koivisto , Kari Leppänen , Mikko Valkama

Testing Ultra-Wideband (UWB) systems is challenging, as multiple devices need to coordinate over lossy links and the systems' behavior is influenced by timing, synchronization, and environmental factors. Traditional testing is often…

Cellular user positioning is a promising service provided by Fifth Generation New Radio (5G NR) networks. Besides, Machine Learning (ML) techniques are foreseen to become an integrated part of 5G NR systems improving radio performance and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-14 Andre Ráth , Dino Pjanić , Bo Bernhardsson , Fredrik Tufvesson

This paper presents an autonomous sensing framework for identifying and localizing multiple users in Fifth Generation (5G) cooperative networks using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that is not part of the serving access network. Unlike…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Niccolò Paglierani , Francesco Linsalata , Vineeth Teeda , Davide Scazzoli , Maurizio Magarini

The advent of 5G positioning techniques by 3GPP has unlocked possibilities for applications in public safety, vehicular systems, and location-based services. However, these applications demand accurate and reliable positioning performance,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-25 Sarik Dhungel , Gaurav Duggal , Dara Ron , Nishith Tripathi , R. Michael Buehrer , Jeffrey H. Reed , Vijay K Shah

Cellular networks offer a unique opportunity to enable device-free and wide-area health monitoring by exploiting the sensitivity of radio-frequency (RF) propagation to human physiological activities. In this paper, we present the first…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Ruxin Lin , Peihao Yan , Jie Lu , Qijun Wang , Huacheng Zeng

Accurate localization and tracking are a fundamental requirement for robotic applications. Localization systems like GPS, optical tracking, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) are used for daily life activities, research, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Yanjun Cao , Chenhao Yang , Rui Li , Alois Knoll , Giovanni Beltrame

In this article, we address the prospects and key enabling technologies for highly efficient and accurate device positioning and tracking in 5G radio access networks. Building on the premises of ultra-dense networks as well as on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Mike Koivisto , Mário Costa , Janis Werner , Kari Heiska , Jukka Talvitie , Kari Leppänen , Visa Koivunen , Mikko Valkama

The fifth generation new radio (5G NR) technology is expected to fulfill reliable and accurate positioning requirements of industry use cases, such as autonomous robots, connected vehicles, and future factories. Starting from Third…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Rakesh Mundlamuri , Rajeev Gangula , Florian Kaltenberger , Raymond Knopp

Channel-state information (CSI)-based sensing will play a key role in future cellular systems. However, no CSI dataset has been published from a real-world 5G NR system that facilitates the development and validation of suitable sensing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-12 Reinhard Wiesmayr , Frederik Zumegen , Sueda Taner , Chris Dick , Christoph Studer

The emergence of beyond-licensed spectrum sharing in FR1 (0.45-6 GHz) and FR2 (24 - 52 GHz) along with the multi-antenna narrow-beam based directional transmissions demand a wideband spectrum sensing in temporal as well as spatial domains.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-17 Himani Joshi , Sumit J. Darak , Mohammad Alaee-Kerahroodi , Bhavani Shankar Mysore Rama Rao

Constrained environments, such as indoor and urban settings, present a significant challenge for accurate moving object positioning due to the diminished line-of-sight (LoS)communication with the wireless anchor used for positioning. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-04 Qamar Bader , Sharief Saleh , Mohamed Elhabiby , Aboelmagd Noureldin

This paper explores an integrated approach for improved sensing and positioning with applications in air traffic management (ATM) and in the Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS). The integrated approach includes…

The continuously increasing bandwidth and antenna aperture available in wireless networks laid the foundation for developing competitive positioning solutions relying on communications standards and hardware. However, poor propagation…

The integration of sensing capabilities into 5G New Radio (5G NR) networks offers an opportunity to enable the detection of airborne objects without the need for dedicated radars. This paper investigates the feasibility of using…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Steve Blandino , Nada Golmie , Anirudha Sahoo , Thao Nguyen , Tanguy Ropitault , David Griffith , Amala Sonny
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