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Current language models (LMs) use a fixed, static subword tokenizer. This default choice typically results in degraded efficiency and language capabilities, especially in languages other than English. To address this issue, we challenge the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Darius Feher , Ivan Vulić , Benjamin Minixhofer

Neural networks are among the state-of-the-art techniques for language modeling. Existing neural language models typically map discrete words to distributed, dense vector representations. After information processing of the preceding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Yunchuan Chen , Lili Mou , Yan Xu , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

We describe a data structure, called a priority range tree, which accommodates fast orthogonal range reporting queries on prioritized points. Let $S$ be a set of $n$ points in the plane, where each point $p$ in $S$ is assigned a weight…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2010-09-21 Michael T. Goodrich , Darren Strash

Deep neural networks have excelled on a wide range of problems, from vision to language and game playing. Neural networks very gradually incorporate information into weights as they process data, requiring very low learning rates. If the…

Indexing highly repetitive texts - such as genomic databases, software repositories and versioned text collections - has become an important problem since the turn of the millennium. A relevant compressibility measure for repetitive texts…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Travis Gagie , Gonzalo Navarro , Nicola Prezza

We intend to generate low-dimensional explicit distributional semantic vectors. In explicit semantic vectors, each dimension corresponds to a word, so word vectors are interpretable. In this research, we propose a new approach to obtain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Atefe Pakzad , Morteza Analoui

The extensive memory footprint of language model (LM) fine-tuning poses a challenge for both researchers and practitioners. LMs use an embedding matrix to represent extensive vocabularies, forming a substantial proportion of the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Miles Williams , Nikolaos Aletras

In spoken Keyword Search, the query may contain out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words not observed when training the speech recognition system. Using subword language models (LMs) in the first-pass recognition makes it possible to recognize the OOV…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Mittul Singh , Sami Virpioja , Peter Smit , Mikko Kurimo

Dynamic resource allocation problems are ubiquitous, arising in inventory management, order fulfillment, online advertising, and other applications. We initially focus on one of the simplest models of online resource allocation: the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-04 Omar Besbes , Yash Kanoria , Akshit Kumar

We give cell-probe bounds for the computation of edit distance, Hamming distance, convolution and longest common subsequence in a stream. In this model, a fixed string of $n$ symbols is given and one $\delta$-bit symbol arrives at a time in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-07-25 Raphael Clifford , Markus Jalsenius , Benjamin Sach

In this paper, we describe a new type of match between a pattern and a text that aren't necessarily maximal in the query, but still contain useful matching information: locally maximal exact matches (LEMs). There are usually a large amount…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Ahsan Sanaullah , Degui Zhi , Shaojie Zhang

We study dynamic graph algorithms in the Massively Parallel Computation model, which was inspired by practical data processing systems. Our goal is to provide algorithms that can efficiently handle large batches of edge insertions and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Krzysztof Nowicki , Krzysztof Onak

Deep biasing (DB) enhances the performance of end-to-end automatic speech recognition (E2E-ASR) models for rare words or contextual phrases using a bias list. However, most existing methods treat bias phrases as sequences of subwords in a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-02 Yui Sudo , Yosuke Fukumoto , Muhammad Shakeel , Yifan Peng , Shinji Watanabe

A random access memory (RAM) uses n bits to randomly address N=2^n distinct memory cells. A quantum random access memory (qRAM) uses n qubits to address any quantum superposition of N memory cells. We present an architecture that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Vittorio Giovannetti , Seth Lloyd , Lorenzo Maccone

Wake word (WW) spotting is challenging in far-field not only because of the interference in signal transmission but also the complexity in acoustic environments. Traditional WW model training requires large amount of in-domain WW-specific…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-15 Yixin Gao , Yuriy Mishchenko , Anish Shah , Spyros Matsoukas , Shiv Vitaladevuni

Modern Neural Architecture Search methods have repeatedly broken state-of-the-art results for several disciplines. The super-network, a central component of many such methods, enables quick estimates of accuracy or loss statistics for any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Kevin Alexander Laube , Andreas Zell

In this paper, a new and novel data structure is proposed to dynamically insert and delete segments. Unlike the standard segment trees[3], the proposed data structure permits insertion of a segment with interval range beyond the interval…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-01-15 K. S. Easwarakumar , T. Hema

Unique word - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (UW-OFDM) is a novel OFDM signaling concept, where the guard interval is built of a deterministic sequence - the so-called unique word - instead of the conventional random cyclic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-02-08 Mario Huemer , Alexander Onic , Christian Hofbauer

Despite the success of end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, challenges persist in recognizing rare, out-of-vocabulary words - including named entities (NE) - and in adapting to new domains using only text data. This work…

Modern HBM-based memory systems have evolved over generations while retaining cache line granularity accesses. Preserving this fine granularity necessitated the introduction of bank groups and pseudo channels. These structures expand timing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hwayong Nam , Seungmin Baek , Jumin Kim , Michael Jaemin Kim , Jung Ho Ahn