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Recent researches show that deep learning model is susceptible to backdoor attacks. Many defenses against backdoor attacks have been proposed. However, existing defense works require high computational overhead or backdoor attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Mingfu Xue , Yinghao Wu , Zhiyu Wu , Yushu Zhang , Jian Wang , Weiqiang Liu

Backdoor data poisoning is an emerging form of adversarial attack usually against deep neural network image classifiers. The attacker poisons the training set with a relatively small set of images from one (or several) source class(es),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

Recent deep-learning-based compression methods have achieved superior performance compared with traditional approaches. However, deep learning models have proven to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where some specific trigger patterns…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Yi Yu , Yufei Wang , Wenhan Yang , Shijian Lu , Yap-peng Tan , Alex C. Kot

Code Language Models (CLMs), particularly those leveraging deep learning, have achieved significant success in code intelligence domain. However, the issue of security, particularly backdoor attacks, is often overlooked in this process. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Guang Yang , Yu Zhou , Xiang Chen , Xiangyu Zhang , Terry Yue Zhuo , David Lo , Taolue Chen

Deep learning models have consistently outperformed traditional machine learning models in various classification tasks, including image classification. As such, they have become increasingly prevalent in many real world applications…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Cong Liao , Haoti Zhong , Anna Squicciarini , Sencun Zhu , David Miller

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to a range of adversaries. A particularly pernicious class of vulnerabilities are backdoors, where model predictions diverge in the presence of subtle triggers in inputs. An attacker can implant a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Goutham Ramakrishnan , Aws Albarghouthi

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where an adversary manipulates the model behavior through overlaying images with special triggers. Existing backdoor defense methods often require accessing a few validation data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Tao Sun , Lu Pang , Weimin Lyu , Chao Chen , Haibin Ling

Backdoor attacks are emerging threats to deep neural networks, which typically embed malicious behaviors into a victim model by injecting poisoned samples. Adversaries can activate the injected backdoor during inference by presenting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Bingyin Zhao , Yingjie Lao

Multimodal contrastive learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm for building high-quality features using the complementary strengths of various data modalities. However, the open nature of such systems inadvertently increases the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Siyuan Liang , Kuanrong Liu , Jiajun Gong , Jiawei Liang , Yuan Xun , Ee-Chien Chang , Xiaochun Cao

Backdoor attacks mislead machine-learning models to output an attacker-specified class when presented a specific trigger at test time. These attacks require poisoning the training data to compromise the learning algorithm, e.g., by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Kathrin Grosse , Taesung Lee , Battista Biggio , Youngja Park , Michael Backes , Ian Molloy

Machine learning systems are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers manipulate model behavior through data tampering or architectural modifications. Traditional backdoor attacks involve injecting malicious samples with specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yuan Ma , Jiankang Wei , Yilun Lyu , Kehao Chen , Jingtong Huang

Self-supervised learning (SSL), a paradigm harnessing unlabeled datasets to train robust encoders, has recently witnessed substantial success. These encoders serve as pivotal feature extractors for downstream tasks, demanding significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Xiaobei Li , Changchun Yin , Liyue Zhu , Xiaogang Xu , Liming Fang , Run Wang , Chenhao Lin

Transfer learning from pre-trained encoders has become essential in modern machine learning, enabling efficient model adaptation across diverse tasks. However, this combination of pre-training and downstream adaptation creates an expanded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yechao Zhang , Yuxuan Zhou , Tianyu Li , Minghui Li , Shengshan Hu , Wei Luo , Leo Yu Zhang

In recent years, there has been an explosive growth in multimodal learning. Image captioning, a classical multimodal task, has demonstrated promising applications and attracted extensive research attention. However, recent studies have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Wenshu Fan , Hongwei Li , Wenbo Jiang , Meng Hao , Shui Yu , Xiao Zhang

The advent of multimodal deep learning models, such as CLIP, has unlocked new frontiers in a wide range of applications, from image-text understanding to classification tasks. However, these models are not safe for adversarial attacks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Md. Iqbal Hossain , Afia Sajeeda , Neeresh Kumar Perla , Ming Shao

Backdoor attacks are an important type of adversarial threat against deep neural network classifiers, wherein test samples from one or more source classes will be (mis)classified to the attacker's target class when a backdoor pattern is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Hang Wang , Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

The extensive adoption of Self-supervised learning(SSL) has led to an increased security threat from backdoor attacks. While existing research has mainly focused on backdoor attacks in image classification, there has been limited…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Qiannan Wang , Changchun Yin , Lu Zhou , Liming Fang

The tremendous progress of autoencoders and generative adversarial networks (GANs) has led to their application to multiple critical tasks, such as fraud detection and sanitized data generation. This increasing adoption has fostered the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Ahmed Salem , Yannick Sautter , Michael Backes , Mathias Humbert , Yang Zhang

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to deep learning models by allowing adversaries to implant hidden behaviors that remain dormant on clean inputs but are maliciously triggered at inference. Existing backdoor attack methods typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Lijie Hu , Junchi Liao , Weimin Lyu , Shaopeng Fu , Tianhao Huang , Shu Yang , Guimin Hu , Di Wang

Self-supervised contrastive learning (CL) effectively learns transferable representations from unlabeled data containing images or image-text pairs but suffers vulnerability to data poisoning backdoor attacks (DPCLs). An adversary can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Tuo Chen , Jie Gui , Minjing Dong , Ju Jia , Lanting Fang , Jian Liu