English
Related papers

Related papers: The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: …

200 papers

Capturing aleatoric uncertainty is a critical part of many machine learning systems. In deep learning, a common approach to this end is to train a neural network to estimate the parameters of a heteroscedastic Gaussian distribution by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Maximilian Seitzer , Arash Tavakoli , Dimitrije Antic , Georg Martius

This paper presents some ideas and results of using uncertainty management methods in the presence of data in preference to other statistical and machine learning methods. A medical domain is used as a test-bed with data available from a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-08 Mary McLeish , P. Yao , M. Cecile , T. Stirtzinger

The logical and practical difficulties associated with research interpretation using P values and null hypothesis significance testing have been extensively documented. This paper describes an alternative, likelihood-based approach to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-21 Nicholas Adams , Gerard O'Reilly

Subspace identification method (SIM) has been proven to be very useful and numerically robust for estimating state-space models. However, it is in general not believed to be as accurate as the prediction error method (PEM). Conversely, PEM,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-04 Jiabao He , Håkan Hjalmarsson

Missing data is a common challenge in biomedical research. This fact, along with growing dataset volumes of the modern era, make the issue of computationally-efficient analysis with missing data of crucial practical importance. A general…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-22 Giorgos Bakoyannis , Philani B. Mpofu , Andrea Broyles , Brian B. Dixon

As machine learning models grow increasingly competent, their predictions can supplement scarce or expensive data in various important domains. In support of this paradigm, algorithms have emerged to combine a small amount of high-fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zhun Deng , Thomas P Zollo , Benjamin Eyre , Amogh Inamdar , David Madras , Richard Zemel

Statistical analysis is used throughout biomedical research and elsewhere to assess strength of evidence. We have previously argued that typical outcome statistics (including p-values and maximum likelihood ratios) have poor…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-02 V. J. Vieland , J. Das , S. E. Hodge , S. -C. Seok

Covariate balance is crucial for unconfounded descriptive or causal comparisons. However, lack of balance is common in observational studies. This article considers weighting strategies for balancing covariates. We define a general class of…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-30 Fan Li , Kari Lock Morgan , Alan M. Zaslavsky

Covariate balance is crucial for unconfounded descriptive or causal comparisons. However, lack of balance is common in observational studies. This article considers weighting strategies for balancing covariates. We define a general class of…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-11-17 Fan Li , Kari Lock Morgan , Alan M. Zaslavsky

Ideally, all analyses of normally distributed data should include the full covariance information between all data points. In practice, the full covariance matrix between all data points is not always available. Either because a result was…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-23 Lukas Koch

While likelihood is attractive in theory, its estimates by deep generative models (DGMs) are often broken in practice, and perform poorly for out of distribution (OOD) Detection. Various recent works started to consider alternative scores…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Sicong Huang , Jiawei He , Kry Yik Chau Lui

Hierarchically-organized data arise naturally in many psychology and neuroscience studies. As the standard assumption of independent and identically distributed samples does not hold for such data, two important problems are to accurately…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-03 Irene Dowding , Stefan Haufe

Mathematics is a limited component of solutions to real-world problems, as it expresses only what is expected to be true if all our assumptions are correct, including implicit assumptions that are omnipresent and often incorrect.…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-14 Sander Greenland

Bayesian estimation is increasingly popular for performing model based inference to support policymaking. These data are often collected from surveys under informative sampling designs where subject inclusion probabilities are designed to…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-13 Luis G. Leon-Novelo , Terrance D. Savitsky

Quantification of risk positions under model uncertainty is of crucial importance from both viewpoints of external regulation and internal management. The concept of model uncertainty, sometimes also referred to as model ambiguity. Although…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-08-06 Wentao Hu

This paper studies hypothesis testing and parameter estimation in the context of the divide and conquer algorithm. In a unified likelihood based framework, we propose new test statistics and point estimators obtained by aggregating various…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-21 Heather Battey , Jianqing Fan , Han Liu , Junwei Lu , Ziwei Zhu

Causal inference, especially in observational studies, relies on untestable assumptions about the true data-generating process. Sensitivity analysis helps us determine how robust our conclusions are when we alter these underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Nikita Dhawan , Daniel Shen , Leonardo Cotta , Chris J. Maddison

Several problems in statistics involve the combination of high-variance unbiased estimators with low-variance estimators that are only unbiased under strong assumptions. A notable example is the estimation of causal effects while combining…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-25 Michael Oberst , Alexander D'Amour , Minmin Chen , Yuyan Wang , David Sontag , Steve Yadlowsky

We propose a general approach to construct weighted likelihood estimating equations with the aim of obtaining robust parameter estimates. We modify the standard likelihood equations by incorporating a weight that reflects the statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-24 Claudio Agostinelli , Ayanendranath Basu , Giulia Bertagnolli , Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla

Introduction: Accounting for missing data by imputing or weighting conditional on covariates relies on the variable with missingness being observed at least some of the time for all unique covariate values. This requirement is referred to…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-16 Paul N Zivich , Bonnie E Shook-Sa , Stephen R Cole , Eric T Lofgren , Jessie K Edwards
‹ Prev 1 3 4 5 6 7 10 Next ›