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Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is a fundamental tool in modern diffusion models for text-guided generation. Although effective, CFG has notable drawbacks. For instance, DDIM with CFG lacks invertibility, complicating image editing;…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Hyungjin Chung , Jeongsol Kim , Geon Yeong Park , Hyelin Nam , Jong Chul Ye

The explication of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) through xAI techniques often poses challenges in interpretation. The inherent complexity of input features, notably pixels extracted from images, engenders complex correlations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Caroline Mazini Rodrigues , Nicolas Boutry , Laurent Najman

The surge in black-box AI models has prompted the need to explain the internal mechanism and justify their reliability, especially in high-stakes applications, such as healthcare and autonomous driving. Due to the lack of a rigorous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Yongjie Wang , Tong Zhang , Xu Guo , Zhiqi Shen

Image generation using diffusion models have demonstrated outstanding learning capabilities, effectively capturing the full distribution of the training dataset. They are known to generate wide variations in sampled images, albeit with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Rahul Shenoy , Zhihong Pan , Kaushik Balakrishnan , Qisen Cheng , Yongmoon Jeon , Heejune Yang , Jaewon Kim

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) serves as the de facto control mechanism for conditional diffusion, yet high guidance scales notoriously induce oversaturation, texture artifacts, and structural collapse. We attribute this failure to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Zexi Jia , Pengcheng Luo , Zhengyao Fang , Jinchao Zhang , Jie Zhou

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is a widely used technique for controllable generation in diffusion and flow-based models. Despite its empirical success, CFG relies on a heuristic linear extrapolation that is often sensitive to the guidance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jian-Feng Cai , Haixia Liu , Zhengyi Su , Chao Wang

Bayesian causal discovery aims to infer the posterior distribution over causal models from observed data, quantifying epistemic uncertainty and benefiting downstream tasks. However, computational challenges arise due to joint inference over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Yashas Annadani , Nick Pawlowski , Joel Jennings , Stefan Bauer , Cheng Zhang , Wenbo Gong

In this paper, we dive into the reliability concerns of Integrated Gradients (IG), a prevalent feature attribution method for black-box deep learning models. We particularly address two predominant challenges associated with IG: the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Eslam Zaher , Maciej Trzaskowski , Quan Nguyen , Fred Roosta

Autoregressive models excel in efficiency and plug directly into the transformer ecosystem, delivering robust generalization, predictable scalability, and seamless workflows such as fine-tuning and parallelized training. However, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Samuel Belkadi , Steve Hong , Marian Chen , Miruna Cretu , Charles Harris , Pietro Lio

There has been a recent surge in the field of Explainable AI (XAI) which tackles the problem of providing insights into the behavior of black-box machine learning models. Within this field, \textit{feature attribution} encompasses methods…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Ashwin Bhat , Adou Sangbone Assoa , Arijit Raychowdhury

Balancing computational efficiency with robust predictive performance is crucial in supervised learning, especially for critical applications. Standard deep learning models, while accurate and scalable, often lack probabilistic features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Conor Heins , Hao Wu , Dimitrije Markovic , Alexander Tschantz , Jeff Beck , Christopher Buckley

In this work, multi-variable derivative-free optimization algorithms for unconstrained optimization problems are developed. A novel procedure for approximating the gradient of multi-variable objective functions based on non-commutative maps…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Jan Feiling , Mohamed-Ali Belabbas , Christian Ebenbauer

Riemannian optimization is a principled framework for solving optimization problems where the desired optimum is constrained to a smooth manifold $\mathcal{M}$. Algorithms designed in this framework usually require some geometrical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-08 Boris Shustin , Haim Avron , Barak Sober

In this paper, we study efficient approximate sampling for probability distributions known up to normalization constants. We specifically focus on a problem class arising in Bayesian inference for large-scale inverse problems in science and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yifan Chen , Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Jiaoyang Huang , Sebastian Reich , Andrew M. Stuart

Despite the recent advancements, conditional image generation still faces challenges of cost, generalizability, and the need for task-specific training. In this paper, we propose Manifold Preserving Guided Diffusion (MPGD), a training-free…

Feature attribution is central to diagnosing and trusting deep neural networks, and Integrated Gradients (IG) is widely used due to its axiomatic properties. However, IG can yield unreliable explanations when the integration path between a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Soyeon Kim , Seongwoo Lim , Kyowoon Lee , Jaesik Choi

The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a widely used deep learning architecture for computer vision. However, its black box nature makes it difficult to interpret the behavior of the model. To mitigate this issue, AI practitioners have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Seok-Yong Byun , Wonju Lee

Inverse problems are ubiquitous because they formalize the integration of data with mathematical models. In many scientific applications the forward model is expensive to evaluate, and adjoint computations are difficult to employ; in this…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-11-05 G. A. Pavliotis , A. M. Stuart , U. Vaes

The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), with the release of several large models having only query access, make a strong case for explainability of deep models in a post-hoc gradient free manner. In this paper, we propose a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Debarpan Bhattacharya , Amir H. Poorjam , Deepak Mittal , Sriram Ganapathy

This paper presents Model-guidance (MG), a novel objective for training diffusion model that addresses and removes of the commonly used Classifier-free guidance (CFG). Our innovative approach transcends the standard modeling of solely data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhicong Tang , Jianmin Bao , Dong Chen , Baining Guo
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