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The origins of the coalescing binary black holes (BBHs) detected by the advanced LIGO/Virgo are still in debate and clues may present in the mass and effective spin ($\chi_{\rm eff}$) distributions of these merger events. Here we analyze…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-22 Yuan-Zhu Wang , Yi-Zhong Fan , Shao-Peng Tang , Ying Qin , Da-Ming Wei

We investigate properties of black hole (BH) binaries formed in globular clusters via dynamical processes, using direct N-body simulations. We pay attention to effects of BH mass function on the total mass and mass ratio distributions of BH…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-12 Dawoo Park , Chunglee Kim , Hyung Mok Lee , Yeong-Bok Bae , Chris Belczynski

There is growing evidence from gravitational-wave observations that some merging black holes are created from previous mergers. Using the prediction that these hierarchically merged black holes have dimensionless spin magnitudes of $\chi…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-01 Amanda M. Farah , Aditya Vijaykumar , Maya Fishbach

Binary black hole (BBH) systems detected via gravitational-wave (GW) emission are a recently opened astrophysical frontier with many unknowns and uncertainties. Accurate reconstruction of the binary distribution with as few assumptions as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-22 Jam Sadiq , Thomas Dent , Mark Gieles

As the number of observed merging binary black holes (BHs) grows, accurate models are required to disentangle multiple formation channels. In models with isolated binaries, important uncertainties remain regarding the stability of mass…

The mass ratio of merging binary black holes (BBHs) carries information about their formation history, yet has received less attention than masses, spins and eccentricities as a channel discriminator. We derive a strongly parametrized…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-25 Jaxen Godfrey , Lieke van Son , Ben Farr

With the recent release of the second gravitational-wave transient catalogue (GWTC-2), which introduced dozens of new detections, we are at a turning point of gravitational wave astronomy, as we are now able to directly infer constraints on…

Binary black holes (BBHs) are thought to form in different environments, including the galactic field and (globular, nuclear, young and open) star clusters. Here, we propose a method to estimate the fingerprints of the main BBH formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-06-03 Manuel Arca Sedda , Michela Mapelli , Mario Spera , Matthew Benacquista , Nicola Giacobbo

Binary black holes (BBHs) can form from the collapsed cores of isolated high-mass binary stars. The masses and spins of these BBHs are determined by the complicated interplay of phenomena such as tides, winds, accretion, common-envelope…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-03 Nathan Steinle , Michael Kesden

Studying the formation and evolution of black hole binaries (BHBs) is essential for the interpretation of current and forthcoming gravitational wave (GW) detections. We investigate the statistics of BHBs that form from isolated binaries, by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-12 Mario Spera , Michela Mapelli , Nicola Giacobbo , Alessandro Alberto Trani , Alessandro Bressan , Guglielmo Costa

Gravitational-wave detectors are unveiling a population of binary black hole (BBH) mergers out to redshifts $z \approx 1$, and are starting to constrain how the BBH population evolves with redshift. We present predictions for the redshift…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-06-05 Claire S. Ye , Maya Fishbach

It has been proposed that some black holes (BHs) in binary black hole (BBH) systems are born from "hierarchical mergers" (HM); i.e. earlier mergers of smaller BHs. These HM products have spin magnitudes $\chi \sim 0.7$, and, if they are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-25 Maya Fishbach , Chase Kimball , Vicky Kalogera

We derive the probability for a newly formed binary black hole (BBH) to undergo an eccentric gravitational wave (GW) merger during binary-single interactions inside a stellar cluster. By integrating over the hardening interactions such a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-05-30 Johan Samsing

Observations of gravitational waves and their electromagnetic counterparts may soon uncover the existence of coalescing compact binary systems formed by a stellar-mass black hole and a neutron star. These mergers result in a remnant black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-31 Francesco Zappa , Sebastiano Bernuzzi , Francesco Pannarale , Michela Mapelli , Nicola Giacobbo

Rapid binary population synthesis codes are often used to investigate the evolution of compact-object binaries. They typically rely on analytical fits of single-star evolutionary tracks and parameterized models for interactive phases of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-08 Monica Gallegos-Garcia , Christopher P L Berry , Pablo Marchant , Vicky Kalogera

Gravitational-wave detectors are now making it possible to investigate how the merger rate of binary black holes (BBHs) evolves with redshift. In this study, we examine whether the BBH merger rate of isolated binaries deviates from a scaled…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-06 Adam Boesky , Floor S. Broekgaarden , Edo Berger

With the growing number of binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected by LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA, several systems have become difficult to explain via isolated binary evolution, having components in the pair-instability mass gap, high orbital…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-30 Rachel C. Zhang , Giacomo Fragione , Chase Kimball , Vicky Kalogera

As the number of gravitational-wave detections grows, the merger rate of binary black holes (BBHs) can help us to constrain their formation, the properties of their progenitors, and their birth environment. Here, we aim to address the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-24 Cecilia Sgalletta , Michela Mapelli , Lumen Boco , Filippo Santoliquido , M. Celeste Artale , Giuliano Iorio , Andrea Lapi , Mario Spera

The LIGO/Virgo collaboration has reported the detection of GW190412, a BH-BH merger with the most unequal masses to date: 24.4-34.7 Msun and 7.4-10.1 Msun (a mass ratio of q=0.21-0.41). Additionally, GW190412's effective spin was estimated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-14 A. Olejak , M. Fishbach , K. Belczynski , D. E. Holz , J. -P. Lasota , M. C. Miller , T. Bulik

Hierarchical analysis of the binary black hole (BBH) detections by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors has offered an increasingly clear picture of their mass, spin, and redshift distributions. Fully understanding the formation and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-24 Thomas A. Callister , Carl-Johan Haster , Ken K. Y. Ng , Salvatore Vitale , Will M. Farr