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Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) can be used to characterise the microstructure of the nervous tissue, e.g. to delineate brain white matter connections in a non-invasive manner via fibre tracking. Magnetic Resonance…

Deterministic approaches using iterative optimisation have been historically successful in diffeomorphic image registration (DiffIR). Although these approaches are highly accurate, they typically carry a significant computational burden.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Alexander Thorley , Xi Jia , Hyung Jin Chang , Boyang Liu , Karina Bunting , Victoria Stoll , Antonio de Marvao , Declan P. O'Regan , Georgios Gkoutos , Dipak Kotecha , Jinming Duan

Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an emerging imaging modality capable of visualizing proteins and macro-molecular complexes at near-atomic resolution. The low electron-doses used to prevent sample radiation damage,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-24 Qinwen Huang , Ye Zhou , Xiaochen Du , Reed Chen , Jianyou Wang , Cynthia Rudin , Alberto Bartesaghi

The estimation of uncertainty in robotic vision, such as 3D object detection, is an essential component in developing safe autonomous systems aware of their own performance. However, the deployment of current uncertainty estimation methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Matthew Pitropov , Chengjie Huang , Vahdat Abdelzad , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Steven Waslander

Radar is a low-cost and ubiquitous automotive sensor, but is limited by array resolution and sensitivity when performing direction of arrival analysis. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a class of techniques to improve azimuth resolution…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-16 Leyla A. Kabuli , Griffin Foster

Purpose: To introduce a fast and improved direct reconstruction method for multi-shot diffusion weighted (msDW) scans for high-resolution studies. Methods:Multi-shot EPI methods can enable higher spatial resolution for diffusion MRI…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-06-26 Merry Mani , Hemant Kumar Aggarwal , Vincent Magnotta , Mathews Jacob

Nonlinear precoding and pulse shaping are jointly considered in multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with low-resolution D/A-converters (DACs) in terms of algorithmic approach as well as large system performance.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Amine Mezghani , Robert W. Heath

For 3D Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging, one typical approach is to achieve the cross-track 1D focusing for each range-azimuth pixel after obtaining a stack of 2D complex-valued images. The cross-track focusing is the main difficulty…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-28 Jingkun Gao , Bin Deng , Yuliang Qin , Hongqiang Wang , Xiang Li

The potentials of automotive radar for autonomous driving have not been fully exploited. We present a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar transmit and receive signal processing chain, a knowledge-aided approach exploiting the radar domain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-03 Ruxin Zheng , Shunqiao Sun , David Scharff , Teresa Wu

Delay and sum (DAS) is the most common beamforming algorithm in linear-array photoacoustic imaging (PAI) as a result of its simple implementation. However, it leads to a low resolution and high sidelobes. Delay multiply and sum (DMAS) was…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-23 Moein Mozaffarzadeh , Ali Mahloojifar , Mohammadreza Nasiriavanaki , Mahdi Orooji

Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction (MBIR) is important because direct methods, such as Filtered Back-Projection (FBP) can introduce significant noise and artifacts in sparse-angle tomography, especially for time-evolving samples. Although…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Dinesh Kumar , Jeffrey Donatelli

We investigate the achievable rate (AR) of a stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM)-aided holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) system by jointly optimizing the SIM phase shifts and power allocation. Contrary to earlier studies…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Eduard E. Bahingayi , Nemanja Stefan Perović , Le-Nam Tran

mmWave radars offer excellent depth resolution even at very long ranges owing to their high bandwidth. But their angular resolution is at least an order-of-magnitude worse than camera and lidar systems. Hence, mmWave radar is not a capable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Akarsh Prabhakara , Diana Zhang , Chao Li , Sirajum Munir , Aswin Sankanaryanan , Anthony Rowe , Swarun Kumar

This paper tackles the optimization of the point spread function (PSF) of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography systems. A swarm of UAV-borne SAR systems is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Pouya Fakharizadeh , Mohamed-Amine Lahmeri , Gerhard Krieger , Robert Schober

We consider code optimization and angle-Doppler imaging for slow-time code division multiplexing (ST-CDM) linear frequency-modulated continuous-wave (LFMCW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems. We optimize the slow-time code…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Xiaolei Shang , Yuanbo Cheng

Digital beamforming and waveform generation techniques in MIMO radar offer enormous advantages in terms of flexibility and performance compared to conventional radar systems based on analog implementations. To allow for such fully digital…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Amine Mezghani , Robert W. Heath

Clinical adoption of multi-shot diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (multi-shot DWI) for body-wide tumor diagnostics is limited by severe motion-induced phase artifacts from respiration, peristalsis, and so on, compounded by…

High-speed mid-infrared (MIR) videography constitutes an enabling tool to monitor and analyze various dynamics in scientific research and industrial applications, such as combustion diagnostics, explosion reactions, photosynthetic tracking,…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-28 Ruiyang Qin , Kun Huang , Min Peng , Jianan Fang , Ben Sun , Zhengru Guo , Heping Zeng

Millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems typically employ hybrid mixed signal processing to avoid expensive hardware and high training overheads. {However, the lack of fully digital beamforming at…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Asmaa Abdallah , Abdulkadir Celik , Mohammad M. Mansour , Ahmed M. Eltawil

Dielectric tensor tomography is an imaging technique for mapping three-dimensional distributions of dielectric properties in transparent materials. This work introduces an enhanced illumination strategy employing a micro-electromechanical…

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