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Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to significant breakthroughs in video understanding. However, existing models still struggle with long video processing due to the context length constraint of LLMs and the vast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Haoran Hao , Jiaming Han , Yiyuan Zhang , Xiangyu Yue

Continuous image tokenizers enable efficient visual generation, and those based on variational frameworks can learn smooth, structured latent representations through KL regularization. Yet this often leads to posterior collapse when using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Hengyu Zeng , Xin Gao , Guanghao Li , Yuxiang Yan , Jiaoyang Ruan , Junpeng Ma , Haoyu Albert Wang , Jian Pu

Image tokenization, the process of transforming raw image pixels into a compact low-dimensional latent representation, has proven crucial for scalable and efficient image generation. However, mainstream image tokenization methods generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Kaiwen Zha , Lijun Yu , Alireza Fathi , David A. Ross , Cordelia Schmid , Dina Katabi , Xiuye Gu

Large-scale video-language pre-training has made remarkable strides in advancing video-language understanding tasks. However, the heavy computational burden of video encoding remains a formidable efficiency bottleneck, particularly for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Shuhuai Ren , Sishuo Chen , Shicheng Li , Xu Sun , Lu Hou

Recent advances in Video Large Language Models (VLLMs) have significantly enhanced their ability to understand video content. Nonetheless, processing long videos remains challenging due to high computational demands and the redundancy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Mengyue Wang , Shuo Chen , Kristian Kersting , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

Understanding long, real-world videos requires modeling of long-range visual dependencies. To this end, we explore video-first architectures, building on the common paradigm of transferring large-scale, image--text models to video via…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Pinelopi Papalampidi , Skanda Koppula , Shreya Pathak , Justin Chiu , Joe Heyward , Viorica Patraucean , Jiajun Shen , Antoine Miech , Andrew Zisserman , Aida Nematzadeh

Recent advances in multimodal models highlight the pivotal role of image tokenization in high-resolution image generation. By compressing images into compact latent representations, tokenizers enable generative models to operate in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Qihang Rao , Borui Zhang , Wenzhao Zheng , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Effectively handling temporal redundancy remains a key challenge in learning video models. Prevailing approaches often treat each set of frames independently, failing to effectively capture the temporal dependencies and redundancies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Xiang Fan , Xiaohang Sun , Kushan Thakkar , Zhu Liu , Vimal Bhat , Ranjay Krishna , Xiang Hao

This paper presents VideoStreaming, an advanced vision-language large model (VLLM) for video understanding, that capably understands arbitrary-length video with a constant number of video tokens streamingly encoded and adaptively selected.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Rui Qian , Xiaoyi Dong , Pan Zhang , Yuhang Zang , Shuangrui Ding , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

Image tokenization has enabled major advances in autoregressive image generation by providing compressed, discrete representations that are more efficient to process than raw pixels. While traditional approaches use 2D grid tokenization,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Roman Bachmann , Jesse Allardice , David Mizrahi , Enrico Fini , Oğuzhan Fatih Kar , Elmira Amirloo , Alaaeldin El-Nouby , Amir Zamir , Afshin Dehghan

We present SceneTok, a novel tokenizer for encoding view sets of scenes into a compressed and diffusable set of unstructured tokens. Existing approaches for 3D scene representation and generation commonly use 3D data structures or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Mohammad Asim , Christopher Wewer , Jan Eric Lenssen

Recent advancements in generative models have highlighted the crucial role of image tokenization in the efficient synthesis of high-resolution images. Tokenization, which transforms images into latent representations, reduces computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Qihang Yu , Mark Weber , Xueqing Deng , Xiaohui Shen , Daniel Cremers , Liang-Chieh Chen

As the scale of data and models for video understanding rapidly expand, handling long-form video input in transformer-based models presents a practical challenge. Rather than resorting to input sampling or token dropping, which may result…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Seon-Ho Lee , Jue Wang , Zhikang Zhang , David Fan , Xinyu Li

We present AToken, the first unified visual tokenizer that achieves both high-fidelity reconstruction and semantic understanding across images, videos, and 3D assets. Unlike existing tokenizers that specialize in either reconstruction or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jiasen Lu , Liangchen Song , Mingze Xu , Byeongjoo Ahn , Yanjun Wang , Chen Chen , Afshin Dehghan , Yinfei Yang

The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) has laid the foundation for multimodal models. However, visual language models (VLMs) still face heavy computational costs when extended from images to videos due to high frame rates and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Peiran Wu , Zhuorui Yu , Yunze Liu , Chi-Hao Wu , Enmin Zhou , Junxiao Shen

Visual generative and understanding models typically rely on distinct tokenizers to process images, presenting a key challenge for unifying them within a single framework. Recent studies attempt to address this by connecting the training of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chuofan Ma , Yi Jiang , Junfeng Wu , Jihan Yang , Xin Yu , Zehuan Yuan , Bingyue Peng , Xiaojuan Qi

One of the core components of conventional (i.e., non-learned) video codecs consists of predicting a frame from a previously-decoded frame, by leveraging temporal correlations. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end learned system for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-22 Nannan Zou , Honglei Zhang , Francesco Cricri , Hamed R. Tavakoli , Jani Lainema , Emre Aksu , Miska Hannuksela , Esa Rahtu

Visual tokenization via auto-encoding empowers state-of-the-art image and video generative models by compressing pixels into a latent space. Although scaling Transformer-based generators has been central to recent advances, the tokenizer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Philippe Hansen-Estruch , David Yan , Ching-Yao Chung , Orr Zohar , Jialiang Wang , Tingbo Hou , Tao Xu , Sriram Vishwanath , Peter Vajda , Xinlei Chen

We present pure-transformer based models for video classification, drawing upon the recent success of such models in image classification. Our model extracts spatio-temporal tokens from the input video, which are then encoded by a series of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Anurag Arnab , Mostafa Dehghani , Georg Heigold , Chen Sun , Mario Lučić , Cordelia Schmid

While most modern video understanding models operate on short-range clips, real-world videos are often several minutes long with semantically consistent segments of variable length. A common approach to process long videos is applying a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Mohamed Afham , Satya Narayan Shukla , Omid Poursaeed , Pengchuan Zhang , Ashish Shah , Sernam Lim