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Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology facilitates direct communication between the human brain and external devices, representing a substantial advancement in human-machine interaction. This review provides an in-depth analysis of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yifan Wang , Cheng Jiang , Chenzhong Li

This study introduces a pioneering approach in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, featuring our novel concept of complex visual imagery for non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG)-based communication. Complex visual imagery, as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Byoung-Hee Kwon

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is the technology that enables the communication between humans and devices by reflecting status and intentions of humans. When conducting imagined speech, the users imagine the pronunciation as if actually…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Dae-Hyeok Lee , Sung-Jin Kim , Keon-Woo Lee

Brain computer interface (BCI) research, as well as increasing portions of the field of neuroscience, have found success deploying large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) pre-training methods in conjunction with vast public repositories of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-03 Mattson Ogg , Rahul Hingorani , Diego Luna , Griffin W. Milsap , William G. Coon , Clara A. Scholl

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) offer a direct communication pathway between the human brain and external devices, holding significant promise for individuals with severe neurological impairments. However, their widespread adoption is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yankai Chen , Xinni Zhang , Yifei Zhang , Yangning Li , Henry Peng Zou , Chunyu Miao , Weizhi Zhang , Xue Liu , Philip S. Yu

A brain-computer interface (BCI) establishes a direct communication pathway between the human brain and a computer. It has been widely used in medical diagnosis, rehabilitation, education, entertainment, etc. Most research so far focuses on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-17 K. Xia , W. Duch , Y. Sun , K. Xu , W. Fang , H. Luo , Y. Zhang , D. Sang , X. Xu , F-Y Wang , D. Wu

We propose a fusion approach that combines features from simultaneously recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals to improve classification performances in motor imagery-based brain-computer interfaces…

Emotion recognition in social situations is a complex task that requires integrating information from both facial expressions and the situational context. While traditional approaches to automatic emotion recognition have focused on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Bin Han , Cleo Yau , Su Lei , Jonathan Gratch

Electroencephalography (EEG) monitors ---by either intrusive or noninvasive electrodes--- time and frequency variations and spectral content of voltage fluctuations or waves, known as brain rhythms, which in some way uncover activity during…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-13 Javier A. Galadí , Joaquín J. Torres , J. Marro

Major issues in Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) include low usability and poor user performance. This paper tackles them by ensuring the users to be in a state of immersion, control and motivation, called state of flow. Indeed, in various…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-06-07 Jelena Mladenović , Jérémy Frey , Manon Bonnet-Save , Jérémie Mattout , Fabien Lotte

Emotions are one of the important components of the human being, thus they are a valuable part of daily activities such as interaction with people, decision making and learning. For this reason, it is important to detect, recognize and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ricardo Vasquez , Diego Riofrío-Luzcando , Joe Carrion-Jumbo , Cesar Guevara

This study presents a real-time, portable brain-computer interface (BCI) system designed to support hand rehabilitation for stroke patients. The system combines a low cost 3D-printed robotic exoskeleton with an embedded controller that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-21 F. M. Omar , A. M. Omar , K. H. Eyada , M. Rabie , M. A. Kamel , A. M. Azab

Compared with the rich studies on the motor brain-computer interface (BCI), the recently emerging affective BCI presents distinct challenges since the brain functional connectivity networks involving emotion are not well investigated.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Xun Wu , Wei-Long Zheng , Bao-Liang Lu

In recent years, the rapid development of neuroimaging technology has been providing many powerful tools for cognitive neuroscience research. Among them, the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which has high spatial resolution,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Yang Wang , Dongrui Wu

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable direct communication between the brain and external devices, providing critical support for individuals with motor impairments. However, accurate motor imagery (MI) decoding from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Panagiotis Andrikopoulos , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) show enormous potential for advancing personalized medicine. However, BCIs also introduce new avenues for cyber-attacks or security compromises. In this article, we analyze the problem and make…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Tyler Schroder , Renee Sirbu , Sohee Park , Jessica Morley , Sam Street , Luciano Floridi

Deep learning has achieved transformative performance across diverse domains, largely driven by large-scale and high-quality training data. In contrast, the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is fundamentally constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ziwei Wang , Zhentao He , Xingyi He , Hongbin Wang , Tianwang Jia , Jingwei Luo , Siyang Li , Xiaoqing Chen , Dongrui Wu

We introduce Brain-Artificial Intelligence Interfaces (BAIs) as a new class of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). Unlike conventional BCIs, which rely on intact cognitive capabilities, BAIs leverage the power of artificial intelligence to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Anja Meunier , Michal Robert Žák , Lucas Munz , Sofiya Garkot , Manuel Eder , Jiachen Xu , Moritz Grosse-Wentrup

One of the most important study areas in affective computing is emotion identification using EEG data. In this study, the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) algorithm, which is a type of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), is tested to see if it can…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-08 Sarthak Johari , Gowri Namratha Meedinti , Radhakrishnan Delhibabu , Deepak Joshi

Motor imagery (MI) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable the direct control of external devices through the imagined movements of various body parts. Unlike previous systems that used fixed-length EEG trials for MI decoding,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Huanyu Wu , Siyang Li , Dongrui Wu