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Computation Tree Logic (CTL) and its extensions CTL* and CTL+ are widely used in automated verification as a basis for common model checking tools. But while they can express many properties of interest like reachability, even simple…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Jens Oliver Gutsfeld , Markus Müller-Olm , Christian Dielitz

We investigate the extent to which Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formulas can be uniquely characterized by a finite set of labeled examples. We consider different types of examples, ranging from finite words to transfinite words, as well as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Balder ten Cate , Dana Fisman , Roi Ohayon , Patrik Sestic

Runtime monitoring is one of the central tasks in the area of operational decision support for business process management. In particular, it helps process executors to check on-the-fly whether a running process instance satisfies business…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Giuseppe De Giacomo , Riccardo De Masellis , Fabrizio Maria Maggi , Marco Montali

Formalisms based on temporal logics interpreted over finite strict linear orders, known in the literature as finite traces, have been used for temporal specification in automated planning, process modelling, (runtime) verification and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Alessandro Artale , Andrea Mazzullo , Ana Ozaki

This paper describes a technique for inferring temporal-logic properties for sets of finite data streams. Such data streams arise in many domains, including server logs, program testing, and financial and marketing data; temporal-logic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Samuel Huang , Rance Cleaveland

Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is the de-facto standard temporal logic for system specification, whose foundational properties have been studied for over five decades. Safety and cosafety properties define notable fragments of LTL, where a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Alessandro Artale , Luca Geatti , Nicola Gigante , Andrea Mazzullo , Angelo Montanari

Finite linear temporal logic ($\mathsf{LTL}_f$) is a powerful formal representation for modeling temporal sequences. We address the problem of learning a compact $\mathsf{LTL}_f$ formula from labeled traces of system behavior. We propose a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Homer Walke , Daniel Ritter , Carl Trimbach , Michael Littman

We study the expressivity and complexity of model checking linear temporal logic with team semantics (TeamLTL). TeamLTL, despite being a purely modal logic, is capable of defining hyperproperties, i.e., properties which relate multiple…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Jonni Virtema , Jana Hofmann , Bernd Finkbeiner , Juha Kontinen , Fan Yang

Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is a widely used specification framework for linear time properties of systems. The standard approach for verifying such properties is by transforming LTL formulae to suitable $\omega$-automata and then applying…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Martin Sulzmann , Peter Thiemann

Temporal logics (TLs) have been widely used to formalize interpretable tasks for cyber-physical systems. Time Window Temporal Logic (TWTL) has been recently proposed as a specification language for dynamical systems. In particular, it can…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Ahmad Ahmad , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Roberto Tron , Calin Belta

We consider the problem of monitoring a Linear Time Logic (LTL) specification that is defined on infinite paths, over finite traces. For example, we may need to draw a verdict on whether the system satisfies or violates the property "p…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Ezio Bartocci , Roderick Bloem , Dejan Nickovic , Franz Roeck

The verification of asynchronous software components poses significant challenges due to the way components interleave and exchange input/output data concurrently. Compositional strategies aim to address this by separating the task of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Alberto Bombardelli , Stefano Tonetta

Temporal logics over finite traces have recently seen wide application in a number of areas, from business process modelling, monitoring, and mining to planning and decision making. However, real-life dynamic systems contain a degree of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Fabrizio M. Maggi , Marco Montali , Rafael Peñaloza

We present a novel formalisation of tensor semantics for linear temporal logic on finite traces (LTLf), with formal proofs of correctness carried out in the theorem prover Isabelle/HOL. We demonstrate that this formalisation can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Mark Chevallier , Filip Smola , Richard Schmoetten , Jacques D. Fleuriot

Runtime monitoring is one of the central tasks to provide operational decision support to running business processes, and check on-the-fly whether they comply with constraints and rules. We study runtime monitoring of properties expressed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-02 Giuseppe De Giacomo , Riccardo De Masellis , Marco Grasso , Fabrizio Maggi , Marco Montali

Temporal logics have been studied as an approach to the specification of hyperproperties, resulting in the conception of "hyperlogics". With a few recent exceptions, the hyperlogics thus far developed can only relate different traces of a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Jens Oliver Gutsfeld , Arne Meier , Christoph Ohrem , Jonni Virtema

Temporal logics over finite traces are not the same as temporal logics over potentially infinite traces. Ro\c{s}u first proved completeness for linear temporal logic on finite traces (LTLf) with a novel coinductive axiom. We offer a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Eric Campbell , Michael Greenberg

We address the problem of measuring inconsistency in declarative process specifications, with an emphasis on linear temporal logic on fixed traces (LTLff). As we will show, existing inconsistency measures for classical logic cannot provide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Carl Corea , John Grant , Matthias Thimm

Model checking for real-timed systems is a rich and diverse topic. Among the different logics considered, Metric Interval Temporal Logic (MITL) is a powerful and commonly used logic, which can succinctly encode many interesting timed…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-19 S. Akshay , Prerak Contractor , Paul Gastin , R. Govind , B. Srivathsan

Standpoint linear temporal logic SLTL is a recent formalism able to model possibly conflicting commitments made by distinct agents, taking into account aspects of temporal reasoning. In this paper, we analyse the computational properties of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Stéphane Demri , Przemysław Andrzej Wałęga