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Extended Reality (XR) services will revolutionize applications over 5th and 6th generation wireless networks by providing seamless virtual and augmented reality experiences. These applications impose significant challenges on network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Pedro Enrique Iturria-Rivera , Raimundas Gaigalas , Medhat Elsayed , Majid Bavand , Yigit Ozcan , Melike Erol-Kantarci

The complexity of emerging sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks has sparked an upsurge in adopting artificial intelligence (AI) to underpin the challenges in network management and resource allocation under strict service level…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Farhad Rezazadeh , Hatim Chergui , Josep Mangues-Bafalluy

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a challenging subarea of Reinforcement Learning due to the non-stationarity of the environments and the large dimensionality of the combined action space. Deep MARL algorithms have been applied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Yuanchao Xu , Amal Feriani , Ekram Hossain

Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to significantly enhance radio resource management (RRM) in sixth-generation (6G) networks. However, the lack of explainability in complex deep learning (DL) models poses a challenge for practical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-24 Nasir Khan , Asmaa Abdallah , Abdulkadir Celik , Ahmed M. Eltawil , Sinem Coleri

Explaining the behaviour of intelligent agents learned by reinforcement learning (RL) to humans is challenging yet crucial due to their incomprehensible proprioceptive states, variational intermediate goals, and resultant unpredictability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Wenhao Lu , Xufeng Zhao , Sven Magg , Martin Gromniak , Mengdi Li , Stefan Wermter

Adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) is necessary for efficient finite element simulations of complex physical phenomenon, as it allocates limited computational budget based on the need for higher or lower resolution, which varies over space and…

Advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) enable sequential decision making for a range of exciting multi-agent applications such as cooperative AI and autonomous driving. Explaining agent decisions is crucial for improving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Kayla Boggess , Sarit Kraus , Lu Feng

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a powerfulparadigm for cooperative decision-making in connected autonomous vehicles(CAVs); however, existing approaches often fail to guarantee stability, optimality,and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Mazyar Taghavi , Javad Vahidi

This paper considers multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) where the rewards are received after delays and the delay time varies across agents and across time steps. Based on the V-learning framework, this paper proposes MARL algorithms…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Yuyang Zhang , Runyu Zhang , Yuantao Gu , Na Li

The introduction of intelligent interconnectivity between the physical and human worlds has attracted great attention for future sixth-generation (6G) networks, emphasizing massive capacity, ultra-low latency, and unparalleled reliability.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jiayi Zhang , Ziheng Liu , Yiyang Zhu , Enyu Shi , Bokai Xu , Chau Yuen , Dusit Niyato , Mérouane Debbah , Shi Jin , Bo Ai , Xuemin , Shen

The next-generation wireless technologies, including beyond 5G and 6G networks, are paving the way for transformative applications such as vehicle platooning, smart cities, and remote surgery. These innovations are driven by a vast array of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Eslam Eldeeb , Hirley Alves

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate transformative potential, yet their reasoning remains inconsistent and unreliable. Reinforcement learning (RL)-based fine-tuning is a key mechanism for improvement, but its effectiveness is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Pei-Chi Pan , Yingbin Liang , Sen Lin

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a challenging task, as agents must learn complex and diverse individual strategies from a shared team reward. However, existing methods struggle to distinguish and exploit important…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Xunhan Hu , Jian Zhao , Wengang Zhou , Ruili Feng , Houqiang Li

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has recently witnessed significant advances that have led to multiple successes in solving sequential decision-making problems in various domains, particularly in wireless communications. The future…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Amal Feriani , Ekram Hossain

We consider the networked multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problem in a fully decentralized setting, where agents learn to coordinate to achieve the joint success. This problem is widely encountered in many areas including traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Chao Qu , Shie Mannor , Huan Xu , Yuan Qi , Le Song , Junwu Xiong

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success in sequential decision-making tasks across diverse domains, yet its reliance on black-box neural architectures hinders interpretability, trust, and deployment in high-stakes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Zelei Cheng , Jiahao Yu , Xinyu Xing

This paper presents a novel approach to Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) that combines cooperative task decomposition with the learning of reward machines (RMs) encoding the structure of the sub-tasks. The proposed method helps…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Leo Ardon , Daniel Furelos-Blanco , Alessandra Russo

While achieving tremendous success in various fields, existing multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) with a black-box neural network makes decisions in an opaque manner that hinders humans from understanding the learned knowledge and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zichuan Liu , Yuanyang Zhu , Zhi Wang , Yang Gao , Chunlin Chen

In recent years, Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has found application in numerous areas of science and industry, such as autonomous driving, telecommunications, and global health. Nevertheless, MARL suffers from, for instance, an…

Broad Explainable Artificial Intelligence moves away from interpreting individual decisions based on a single datum and aims to provide integrated explanations from multiple machine learning algorithms into a coherent explanation of an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Francisco Cruz
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