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Performing inference on large volumes of samples with large language models (LLMs) can be computationally and financially costly in industry and real-world use. We propose batch prompting, a simple yet effective prompting approach that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Zhoujun Cheng , Jungo Kasai , Tao Yu

Large-scale deployment of generative AI tools often depends on costly API calls to a Large Language Model (LLM) to fulfil user queries. To curtail the frequency of these calls, one can employ a smaller language model -- a student -- which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Guillem Ramírez , Matthias Lindemann , Alexandra Birch , Ivan Titov

A critical approach for efficiently deploying computationally demanding large language models (LLMs) is Key-Value (KV) caching. The KV cache stores key-value states of previously generated tokens, significantly reducing the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Akide Liu , Jing Liu , Zizheng Pan , Yefei He , Gholamreza Haffari , Bohan Zhuang

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) enable breakthroughs in reasoning and parallel decoding but suffer from prohibitive quadratic computational complexity and memory overhead during inference. Current caching techniques accelerate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Yuerong Song , Xiaoran Liu , Ruixiao Li , Zhigeng Liu , Zengfeng Huang , Qipeng Guo , Ziwei He , Xipeng Qiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly rely on inference-time reasoning algorithms such as chain-of-thought and multi-branch reasoning to improve accuracy on complex tasks. These methods, however, substantially increase token usage and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Weifan Jiang , Rana Shahout , Yilun Du , Michael Mitzenmacher , Minlan Yu

Embodied AI agents increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs) for planning, yet per-step LLM calls impose severe latency and cost. In this paper, we show that embodied tasks exhibit strong plan locality, where the next plan is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hojoon Kim , Yuheng Wu , Thierry Tambe

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs), despite their promising performance, still suffer from inferior inference efficiency. This is because dLLMs rely on bidirectional attention and cannot directly benefit from the standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yuchu Jiang , Yue Cai , Xiangzhong Luo , Jiale Fu , Jiarui Wang , Chonghan Liu , Xu Yang

The linear memory growth of the KV cache poses a significant bottleneck for LLM inference in long-context tasks. Existing static compression methods often fail to preserve globally important information. Although recent dynamic retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhiyuan Shi , Qibo Qiu , Feng Xue , Zhonglin Jiang , Li Yu , Jian Jiang , Xiaofei He , Wenxiao Wang

Modern software systems generate massive volumes of runtime logs, necessitating efficient and accurate log parsing to enable critical downstream tasks such as anomaly detection and root cause analysis. Recently, large language models (LLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yilun Wang , Pengfei Chen , Haiyu Huang , Zilong He , Gou Tan , Chuanfu Zhang , Jingkai He , Zibin Zheng

Caching techniques are widely used in the era of cloud computing from applications, such as Web caches to infrastructures, Memcached and memory caches in computer architectures. Prediction of cached data can greatly help improve cache…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Pengcheng Li , Yongbin Gu

As large language models (LLMs) become widely used, their environmental impact, especially carbon emission, has attracted more attention. Prior studies focus on compute-related carbon emissions. In this paper, we find that storage is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yuyang Tian , Desen Sun , Yi Ding , Sihang Liu

Prompting Large Language Models (LLMs) performs impressively in zero- and few-shot settings. Hence, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that cannot afford the cost of creating large task-specific training datasets, but also the cost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Ilias Stogiannidis , Stavros Vassos , Prodromos Malakasiotis , Ion Androutsopoulos

Recent advancements in Large Language Model (LLM) agents have enabled complex multi-turn agentic tasks requiring extensive tool calling, where conversations can span dozens of API calls with increasingly large context windows. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Elias Lumer , Faheem Nizar , Akshaya Jangiti , Kevin Frank , Anmol Gulati , Mandar Phadate , Vamse Kumar Subbiah

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in chatbots, code generators, and search engines. Workload such as chain-of-throught, complex reasoning, agent services significantly increase the inference cost by invoke the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Sihyeong Park , Sungryeol Jeon , Chaelyn Lee , Seokhun Jeon , Byung-Soo Kim , Jemin Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive abilities in solving various natural language processing tasks and are now widely offered as services. LLM services enable users to accomplish tasks without requiring specialized knowledge,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Can Wang , Dianbo Sui , Bolin Zhang , Xiaoyu Liu , Jiabao Kang , Zhidong Qiao , Zhiying Tu

This paper proposes an intelligent cache management strategy based on CNN-LSTM to improve the performance and cache hit rate of storage systems. Through comparative experiments with traditional algorithms (such as LRU and LFU) and other…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Xiaoye Wang , Xuan Li , Linji Wang , Tingyi Ruan , Pochun Li

The exploration and application of Large Language Models (LLMs) is thriving. To reduce deployment costs, continuous batching has become an essential feature in current service frameworks. The effectiveness of continuous batching relies on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ruihao Gong , Shihao Bai , Siyu Wu , Yunqian Fan , Zaijun Wang , Xiuhong Li , Hailong Yang , Xianglong Liu

A practical large language model (LLM) service may involve a long system prompt, which specifies the instructions, examples, and knowledge documents of the task and is reused across requests. However, the long system prompt causes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Lei Zhu , Xinjiang Wang , Wayne Zhang , Rynson W. H. Lau

Large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional performance and vast potential across diverse tasks. However, the deployment of LLMs with high performance in low-resource environments has garnered significant attention in the industry.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Pujiang He , Shan Zhou , Wenhuan Huang , Changqing Li , Duyi Wang , Bin Guo , Chen Meng , Sheng Gui , Weifei Yu , Yi Xie

The transformer's context window is vital for tasks such as few-shot learning and conditional generation as it preserves previous tokens for active memory. However, as the context lengths increase, the computational costs grow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jeffrey Willette , Heejun Lee , Youngwan Lee , Myeongjae Jeon , Sung Ju Hwang
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