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Related papers: CMOOD: Concept-based Multi-label OOD Detection

200 papers

The core of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is to learn the in-distribution (ID) representation, which is distinguishable from OOD samples. Previous work applied recognition-based methods to learn the ID features, which tend to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Jingyao Li , Pengguang Chen , Shaozuo Yu , Zexin He , Shu Liu , Jiaya Jia

Out-of-distribution (OOD) robustness is a critical challenge for modern machine learning systems, particularly as they increasingly operate in multimodal settings involving inputs like video, audio, and sensor data. Currently, many OOD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuehan Qin , Li Li , Defu Cao , Tiankai Yang , Jiate Li , Yue Zhao

We present a novel vision-language prompt learning approach for few-shot out-of-distribution (OOD) detection. Few-shot OOD detection aims to detect OOD images from classes that are unseen during training using only a few labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Atsuyuki Miyai , Qing Yu , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

When deployed for risk-sensitive tasks, deep neural networks must be able to detect instances with labels from outside the distribution for which they were trained. In this paper we present a novel framework to benchmark the ability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Ido Galil , Mohammed Dabbah , Ran El-Yaniv

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is a fundamental challenge in the deployment of machine learning models. From a security standpoint, this is particularly important because OOD test data can result in misleadingly confident yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Onat Gungor , Amanda Sofie Rios , Nilesh Ahuja , Tajana Rosing

Pre-trained vision-language models have exhibited remarkable abilities in detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples. However, some challenging OOD samples, which lie close to in-distribution (InD) data in image feature space, can still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Jinglun Li , Kaixun Jiang , Zhaoyu Chen , Bo Lin , Yao Tang , Weifeng Ge , Wenqiang Zhang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for deploying robust machine learning models, especially in areas where security is critical. However, traditional OOD detection methods often fail to capture complex data distributions from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Armando Zhu , Jiabei Liu , Keqin Li , Shuying Dai , Bo Hong , Peng Zhao , Changsong Wei

The task of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is notoriously ill-defined. Earlier works focused on new-class detection, aiming to identify label-altering data distribution shifts, also known as "semantic shift." However, recent works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 William Yang , Byron Zhang , Olga Russakovsky

Effective Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is criti-cal for ensuring the reliability of semantic segmentation models, particularly in complex road environments where safety and accuracy are paramount. Despite recent advancements in large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jeonghyo Song , Kimin Yun , DaeUng Jo , Jinyoung Kim , Youngjoon Yoo

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection identifies test samples that fall outside a model's training distribution, a capability critical for safe deployment in high-stakes applications. Standard OOD detectors are trained on a specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shawn Li , You Qin , Jiate Li , Charith Peris , Lisa Bauer , Roger Zimmermann , Yue Zhao

Detecting data points deviating from the training distribution is pivotal for ensuring reliable machine learning. Extensive research has been dedicated to the challenge, spanning classical anomaly detection techniques to contemporary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Xuefeng Du , Yiyou Sun , Yixuan Li

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection represents a critical challenge in remote sensing applications, where reliable identification of novel or anomalous patterns is essential for autonomous monitoring, disaster response, and environmental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Chenhao Wang , Yingrui Ji , Yu Meng , Yunjian Zhang , Yao Zhu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) learning often relies heavily on statistical approaches or predefined assumptions about OOD data distributions, hindering their efficacy in addressing multifaceted challenges of OOD generalization and OOD detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Haoyue Bai , Xuefeng Du , Katie Rainey , Shibin Parameswaran , Yixuan Li

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a critical task to ensure the reliability and security of machine learning models deployed in real-world applications. Conventional methods for OOD detection that rely on single-modal information,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 K Huang , G Song , Hanwen Su , Jiyan Wang

Aiming at identifying unexpected inputs from unknown classes, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has emerged as a pivotal approach to enhancing the reliability of machine learning models. This paper focuses on the burgeoning paradigm of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Bo Peng , Jie Lu , Guangquan Zhang , Zhen Fang

This paper proposes a novel out-of-distribution (OOD) detection framework named MoodCat for image classifiers. MoodCat masks a random portion of the input image and uses a generative model to synthesize the masked image to a new image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yijun Yang , Ruiyuan Gao , Qiang Xu

Large-scale visual out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has witnessed remarkable progress by leveraging vision-language models such as CLIP. However, a significant limitation of current methods is their reliance on a pre-defined set of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Nikolas Adaloglou , Diana Petrusheva , Mohamed Asker , Felix Michels , Markus Kollmann

Recent advancements in Vision-Language Models like CLIP have enabled zero-shot OOD detection by leveraging both image and textual label information. Among these, negative label-based methods such as NegLabel and CSP have shown promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Amirhossein Ansari , Ke Wang , Pulei Xiong

Existing vision-language model (VLM)-based methods for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection typically rely on similarity scores between input images and in-distribution (ID) text prototypes. However, the modality gap between image and text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yimu Wang , Evelien Riddell , Adrian Chow , Sean Sedwards , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Detecting and rejecting unknown out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is critical for deployed neural networks to void unreliable predictions. In real-world scenarios, however, the efficacy of existing OOD detection methods is often impeded by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Kai Liu , Zhihang Fu , Sheng Jin , Chao Chen , Ze Chen , Rongxin Jiang , Fan Zhou , Yaowu Chen , Jieping Ye