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Unlike conventional data such as natural images, audio and speech, raw multi-channel Electroencephalogram (EEG) data are difficult to interpret. Modern deep neural networks have shown promising results in EEG studies, however finding robust…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Nikesh Bajaj , Jesús Requena Carrión , Francesco Bellotti

A fractional-based compressed auto-encoder architecture has been introduced to solve the problem of denoising electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The architecture makes use of fractional calculus to calculate the gradients during the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Subham Nagar , Ahlad Kumar , M. N. S. Swamy

Effectively learning the temporal dynamics in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is challenging yet essential for decoding brain activities using brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although Transformers are popular for their long-term…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Yi Ding , Yong Li , Hao Sun , Rui Liu , Chengxuan Tong , Chenyu Liu , Xinliang Zhou , Cuntai Guan

Deep learning is widely used to decode the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. However, there are few attempts to specifically investigate how to explain the EEG-based deep learning models. We conduct a review to summarize the existing works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Hanqi Wang , Xiaoguang Zhu , Tao Chen , Chengfang Li , Liang Song

Electroencephalography has been established as an effective method for detecting Parkinson's disease, typically diagnosed early.Current Parkinson's disease detection methods have shown significant success within individual datasets,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Qian Zhang , Ruilin Zhang , Biaokai Zhu , Xun Han , Jun Xiao , Yifan Liu , Zhe Wang

Clinical electroencephalography is routinely used to evaluate patients with diverse and often overlapping neurological conditions, yet interpretation remains manual, time-intensive, and variable across experts. While automated EEG analysis…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Argha Kamal Samanta , Deepak Mewada , Monalisa Sarma , Debasis Samanta

Electroencephalography (EEG) has countless applications across many of fields. However, EEG applications are limited by low signal-to-noise ratios. Multiple types of artifacts contribute to the noisiness of EEG, and many techniques have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-25 S Sadiya , T Alhanai , MM Ghassemi

In the past five years, the use of generative and foundational AI systems has greatly improved the decoding of brain activity. Visual perception, in particular, can now be decoded from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-15 Yohann Benchetrit , Hubert Banville , Jean-Rémi King

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are vital for monitoring cardiac health, enabling the assessment of heart rate variability (HRV), detection of arrhythmias, and diagnosis of cardiovascular conditions. However, ECG signals recorded from wearable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Sharmad Kalpande , Nilesh Kumar Sahu , Haroon Lone

EEG is the most common signal source for noninvasive BCI applications. For such applications, the EEG signal needs to be decoded and translated into appropriate actions. A recently emerging EEG decoding approach is deep learning with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-25 Felix A. Heilmeyer , Robin T. Schirrmeister , Lukas D. J. Fiederer , Martin Völker , Joos Behncke , Tonio Ball

Electroencephalogram (EEG) artifact detection in real-world settings faces significant challenges such as computational inefficiency in multi-channel methods, poor robustness to simultaneous noise, and trade-offs between accuracy and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Hossein Enshaei , Pariya Jebreili , Sayed Mahmoud Sakhaei

Current pain assessment within hospitals often relies on self-reporting or non-specific EKG vital signs. This system leaves critically ill, sedated, and cognitively impaired patients vulnerable to undertreated pain and opioid overuse.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Aavid Mathrawala , Dhruv Kurup , Josie Lau

Chronic neck pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and current treatment selection remains largely trial and error. We present a machine learning framework that uses electroencephalography to predict treatment efficacy in…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-19 Xiru Wang , Aiden Li , Hongzhao Tan , Stevie Foglia , Aimee Nelson , Zhen Gao

Investigation of human brain states through electroencephalograph (EEG) signals is a crucial step in human-machine communications. However, classifying and analyzing EEG signals are challenging due to their noisy, nonlinear and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-19 Farzana Nasrin , Christopher Oballe , David L. Boothe , Vasileios Maroulas

We study CT image denoising in the unpaired and self-supervised regimes by evaluating two strong, training-data-efficient paradigms: a CycleGAN-based residual translator and a Noise2Score (N2S) score-matching denoiser. Under a common…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Abu Hanif Muhammad Syarubany

Self-supervised approaches for electroencephalography (EEG) representation learning face three specific challenges inherent to EEG data: (1) The low signal-to-noise ratio which challenges the quality of the representation learned, (2) The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-19 Navid Mohammadi Foumani , Geoffrey Mackellar , Soheila Ghane , Saad Irtza , Nam Nguyen , Mahsa Salehi

Electrocardiogram is a useful diagnostic signal that can detect cardiac abnormalities by measuring the electrical activity generated by the heart. Due to its rapid, non-invasive, and richly informative characteristics, ECG has many emerging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hanhui Deng , Xinglin Li , Jie Luo , Di Wu

In this paper, we present a systematic literature review on deep generative models for physiological signals, particularly electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electromyogram (EMG). Compared to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Nour Neifar , Afef Mdhaffar , Achraf Ben-Hamadou , Mohamed Jmaiel

Classification models for electroencephalogram (EEG) data show a large decrease in performance when evaluated on unseen test sub jects. We reduce this performance decrease using new regularization techniques during model training. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Niklas Smedemark-Margulies , Ye Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Jing Liu , Kieran Parsons , Yunus Bicer , Deniz Erdogmus

Due to the multiple imperfections during the signal acquisition, Electrocardiogram (ECG) datasets are typically contaminated with numerous types of noise, like salt and pepper and baseline drift. These datasets may contain different…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-03 Faezeh Nejati Hatamian , AmirAbbas Davari , Andreas Maier