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An energy efficient routing protocol is the major concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this survey paper, we present energy efficient hierarchical routing protocols, developed from conventional LEACH routing protocol. Main focus…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-07-12 M. Aslam , N. Javaid , A. Rahim , U. Nazir , A. Bibi , Z. A. Khan

Minimizing the energy consumption of a wireless sensor network application is crucial for effective realization of the intended application in terms of cost, lifetime, and functionality. However, the minimizing task is hardly possible as no…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2011-12-30 Najmeh Kamyabpour , Doan B. Hoang

Wireless energy transfer, namely RF-based energy harvesting, is a potential way to prolong the lifetime of energy-constrained devices, especially in wireless sensor networks. However, due to huge propagation attenuation, its energy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Tao Li , Pingyi Fan , Zhengchuan Chen , Khaled Ben Letaief

Enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in dynamic and unpredictable environments requires adaptive communication and energy harvesting strategies. We propose a novel adaptive control strategy for WSNs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-20 Hossein Mohammadi Firouzjaei , Rafaela Scaciota , Sumudu Samarakoon

Due to unique characteristics of sensor nodes, choosing energy-efficient modulation scheme with low-complexity implementation (refereed to as green modulation) is a critical factor in the physical layer of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-10-07 Jamshid Abouei , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis , Subbarayan Pasupathy

In multi-access wireless networks, transmission scheduling is a key component that determines the efficiency and fairness of wireless spectrum allocation. At one extreme, greedy opportunistic scheduling that allocates airtime to the user…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2011-07-28 Suzhi Bi , Ying Jun , Zhang

Low-power and cost-effective IoT sensing nodes enable scalable monitoring of different environments. Some of these environments impose rough and extreme operating conditions, requiring continuous adaptation and reconfiguration of physical…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Waltenegus Dargie , Christian Poellabauer , Abiy Tasissa

With the rapidly increasing number of deployed LTE femtocell base stations (FBS), energy consumption of femtocell networks has become a serious environmental issue. Therefore, energy-efficient protocols are needed to balance the trade-off…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-08-07 Ying Wang , Xiangming Dai , Jason Min Wang , Brahim Bensaou

Energy efficiency is a key requirement for the Internet of Things, as many sensors are expected to be completely stand-alone and able to run for years without battery replacement. Data compression aims at saving some energy by reducing the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-30 Chiara Pielli , Alessandro Biason , Andrea Zanella , Michele Zorzi

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) represent a promising technology that enables diverse underwater applications through acoustic communication. However, it encounters significant challenges including harsh communication…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Tong Zhang , Yu Gou , Jun Liu , Jun-Hong Cui

In low power wireless sensor networks, MAC protocols usually employ periodic sleep/wake schedule to reduce idle listening time. Even though this mechanism is simple and efficient, it results in high end-to-end latency and low throughput. On…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-18 Behnam Dezfouli , Marjan Radi , Shukor Abd Razak

Energy is one of the most important resources in wireless sensor networks. Recently, the mobility of base station has been exploited to preserve the energy. But in event driven networks, the mobility issue is quite different from the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Ming Zhao , Zhigang Chen , Xiaoheng Deng , Lianming Zhang , Anfeng Liu , Guosheng Huang

Clustering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an important technique to ease topology management and routing. Clustering provides an effective method for prolonging lifetime of a WSN. This paper proposes energy efficient multi-level…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-05-24 Surender Soni , Narottam Chand

This paper examines the problem of assigning a transmission power to every node of a wireless sensor network. The goal is to minimize the total power consumption while ensuring that the resulting communication graph is connected. We focus…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Stefan Hoffmann , Egon Wanke

Due to the unique characteristics of sensor devices, finding the energy-efficient modulation with a low-complexity implementation (refereed to as green modulation) poses significant challenges in the physical layer design of Wireless Sensor…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-24 Jamshid Abouei , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis , Subbarayan Pasupathy

This paper investigates wireless-powered cell-free systems, in which the users send their uplink data signal while simultaneously harvesting energy from network nodes and user terminals - including the transmitting user terminal itself - by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-29 Iran M. Braga , Roberto P. Antonioli , Gabor Fodor , Yuri C. B. Silva , Walter C. Freitas

For a wireless sensor network (WSN) with a large number of low-cost, battery-driven, multiple transmission power leveled sensor nodes of limited transmission bandwidth, then conservation of transmission resources (power and bandwidth) is of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-03-17 Gang Wang , Jie Chen , Jian Sun , Yongjian Cai

Multi-user multiple-input, multiple-output (MU-MIMO) designs can substantially increase wireless systems' achievable throughput and connectivity capabilities. However, existing MU-MIMO deployments typically utilize linear processing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-25 Chathura Jayawardena , Marcin Filo , George N. Katsaros , Konstantinos Nikitopoulos

A wireless sensing architecture via pinching antenna systems is proposed. Compared to conventional wireless systems, PASS offers flexible antenna deployment and improved probing performance for wireless sensing by leveraging dielectric…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Zhaolin Wang , Chongjun Ouyang , Yuanwei Liu , Arumugam Nallanathan

There is a lack of research on the analysis of per-user traffic in cellular networks, for deriving and following traffic-aware network management. \textcolor{black}{In fact, the legacy design approach, in which resource provisioning and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-03 Amin Azari , Fateme Salehi , Panagiotis Papapetrou , Cicek Cavdar