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Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for reliable quantum information processing. Targeting a particular error channel, both the encoding and the recovery channel can be optimized through a biconvex optimization to give a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Xuanhui Mao , Qian Xu , Liang Jiang

Fault-tolerant (FT) computation by using quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for realizing large-scale quantum algorithms. Devices are expected to have enough qubits to demonstrate aspects of fault tolerance in the near future.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-24 Lingling Lao , Carmen G. Almudever

Quantum computers show promise to solve select problems otherwise intractable on classical computers. However, noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era devices are currently prone to various sources of error. Quantum error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Maxwell Poster , Sayam Sethi , Jonathan Baker

Radiation impacts are a current challenge with computing on superconducting-based quantum devices because they can lead to widespread correlated errors across the device. Such errors can be problematic for quantum error correction (QEC)…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is a way to protect quantum information against noise. It consists of encoding input information into entangled quantum states known as the code space. Furthermore, to classify if the encoded information is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-15 Pejman Jouzdani , H. Arslan Hashim , Eduardo R. Mucciolo

Biased-noise qubits, in which one type of error (e.g. $X$- and $Y$-type errors) is significantly suppressed relative to the other (e.g. $Z$-type errors), can significantly reduce the overhead of quantum error correction. Codes such as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Peter Shanahan , Diego Ruiz

Quantum computers have the potential to provide exponential speedups over their classical counterparts. Quantum principles are being applied to fields such as communications, information processing, and artificial intelligence to achieve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-21 Arijit Mondal , Keshab K. Parhi

Quantum error correction protocols will play a central role in the realisation of quantum computing; the choice of error correction code will influence the full quantum computing stack, from the layout of qubits at the physical level to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-14 Joschka Roffe

Fault-tolerant quantum computation demands significant resources: large numbers of physical qubits must be checked for errors repeatedly to protect quantum data as logic gates are implemented in the presence of noise. We demonstrate that an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 Felix Thomsen , Markus S. Kesselring , Stephen D. Bartlett , Benjamin J. Brown

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation. Current QEC controllers execute all scheduled syndrome (parity-bit) measurement rounds before decoding, even when early syndrome data indicates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Sanidhay Bhambay , Prakash Murali , Neil Walton , Thirupathaiah Vasantam

Quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) can eliminate the negative effects of quantum noise, the major obstacle to the execution of quantum algorithms. However, realizing practical quantum error correction (QEC) requires resolving many…

Quantum error correction, which utilizes logical qubits that are encoded as redundant multiple physical qubits to find and correct errors in physical qubits, is indispensable for practical quantum computing. Surface code is considered to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Hoshitaro Ohnishi , Hideo Mukai

We propose a new scheme for quantum error correction using robust continuous variable probe modes, rather than fragile ancilla qubits, to detect errors without destroying data qubits. The use of such probe modes reduces the required number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Fumiko Yamaguchi , Kae Nemoto , William J. Munro

Quantum information processing offers dramatic speedups, yet is famously susceptible to decoherence, the process whereby quantum superpositions decay into mutually exclusive classical alternatives, thus robbing quantum computers of their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-21 Kristen L. Pudenz , Tameem Albash , Daniel A. Lidar

Quantum error correction (QEC) plays a crucial role in correcting noise and paving the way for fault-tolerant quantum computing. This field has seen significant advancements, with new quantum error correction codes emerging regularly to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Avimita Chatterjee , Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

Continuous-time quantum error correction (CTQEC) is a technique for protecting quantum information against decoherence, where both the decoherence and error correction processes are considered continuous in time. Given any [[n,k,d]] quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-19 Kung-Chuan Hsu , Todd A. Brun

Quantum computers promise transformative speedups, but environmental noise destroys their fragile states. Conventional quantum error correction (QEC) encodes information redundantly across physical qubits, yet fails above a threshold of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Hikaru Wakaura , Taiki Tanimae

Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Quantum error correction is of crucial importance for fault-tolerant quantum computers. As an essential step towards the implementation of quantum error-correcting codes, quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements are needed to efficiently…

Quantum computing holds transformative potential for various fields, yet its practical application is hindered by the susceptibility to errors. This study makes a pioneering contribution by applying quantum error correction codes (QECCs)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 Avimita Chatterjee , Debarshi Kundu , Swaroop Ghosh