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Related papers: Conversational Medical AI: Ready for Practice

200 papers

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) promise to expand mental health interventions by emulating therapeutic techniques, potentially easing barriers to care. Yet there is a lack of real-world empirical evidence evaluating the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yinzhou Wang , Yimeng Wang , Ye Xiao , Liabette Escamilla , Bianca Augustine , Kelly Crace , Gang Zhou , Yixuan Zhang

We present PULSE, a medical reasoning agent that combines a domain-tuned large language model with scientific literature retrieval to support diagnostic decision-making in complex real-world cases. To evaluate its capabilities, we curated a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhongzhen Huang , Yan Ling , Hong Chen , Ye Feng , Li Wu , Linjie Mu , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang , Kun Qian , Xiaomu Li

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for diagnostic tasks in medicine. In clinical practice, the correct diagnosis can rarely be immediately inferred from the initial patient presentation alone. Rather, reaching a diagnosis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Hui Min Wong , Philip Heesen , Pascal Janetzky , Martin Bendszus , Stefan Feuerriegel

This paper contributes with a pragmatic evaluation framework for explainable Machine Learning (ML) models for clinical decision support. The study revealed a more nuanced role for ML explanation models, when these are pragmatically embedded…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Oskar Wysocki , Jessica Katharine Davies , Markel Vigo , Anne Caroline Armstrong , Dónal Landers , Rebecca Lee , André Freitas

Psychological consultation is essential for improving mental health and well-being, yet challenges such as the shortage of qualified professionals and scalability issues limit its accessibility. To address these challenges, we explore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Rafael Souza , Jia-Hao Lim , Alexander Davis

Conversational AI (CAI) systems offer opportunities to scale service provision to unprecedented levels and governments and corporations are already beginning to deploy them across services. The economic argument is similar across domains:…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Rafael A. Calvo , Dorian Peters

As Conversational Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes more integrated into everyday life, AI-powered chatbot mobile applications are increasingly adopted across industries, particularly in the healthcare domain. These chatbots offer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Ramazan Yener , Guan-Hung Chen , Ece Gumusel , Masooda Bashir

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in high-stakes applications such as medical (self-)diagnosis and preliminary triage raises significant ethical and practical concerns about the effectiveness, appropriateness, and possible…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Bonam Mingole , Aditya Majumdar , Firdaus Ahmed Choudhury , Jennifer L. Kraschnewski , Shyam S. Sundar , Amulya Yadav

Imagine AI assistants that enhance conversations without interrupting them: quietly providing relevant information during a medical consultation, seamlessly preparing materials as teachers discuss lesson plans, or unobtrusively scheduling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Andrew Zhu , Chris Callison-Burch

Serious Illness Conversations (SICs), discussions about values and care preferences for patients with life-threatening illness, rarely occur in Emergency Departments (EDs), despite evidence that early conversations improve care alignment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Menglin Zhao , Zhuorui Yong , Ruijia Guan , Kai-Wei Chang , Adrian Haimovich , Kei Ouchi , Timothy Bickmore , Zhan Zhang , Bingsheng Yao , Dakuo Wang , Smit Desai

Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has the potential to improve patient outcomes, but clinician acceptance remains a critical barrier. We developed a novel decision support interface that provides interpretable treatment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Venkatesh Sivaraman , Leigh A. Bukowski , Joel Levin , Jeremy M. Kahn , Adam Perer

Trustworthiness in healthcare question-answering (QA) systems is important for ensuring patient safety, clinical effectiveness, and user confidence. As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into medical settings, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yinuo Wang , Baiyang Wang , Robert E. Mercer , Frank Rudzicz , Sudipta Singha Roy , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Xindi Wang

Young people's mental well-being is a global concern, with peer support playing a key role in daily emotional regulation. Conversational agents are increasingly viewed as promising tools for delivering accessible, personalised peer support,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ruoyu Wen , Xiaoli Wu , Kunal Gupta , Simon Hoermann , Mark Billinghurst , Alaeddin Nassani , Dwain Allan , Thammathip Piumsomboon

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated surprising performance across various natural language processing tasks. Recently, medical LLMs enhanced with domain-specific knowledge have exhibited excellent capabilities in medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jinqiang Wang , Huansheng Ning , Yi Peng , Qikai Wei , Daniel Tesfai , Wenwei Mao , Tao Zhu , Runhe Huang

Large language model (LLM)-based AI agents are increasingly capable of complex clinical reasoning and may soon participate in medical decision-making with limited or no real-time human oversight. This shift raises fundamental questions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Tom Bisson , Henriette Voelker , Sanddhya Jayabalan , A John Iafrate , Jakob N Kather , Jochen K Lennerz

Automated approaches to answer patient-posed health questions are rising, but selecting among systems requires reliable evaluation. The current gold standard for evaluating the free-text artificial intelligence (AI) responses--human expert…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sarvesh Soni , Dina Demner-Fushman

This research examines the use of Reinforcement Learning from AI Feedback (RLAIF) techniques to improve healthcare dialogue models, with the aim of tackling the challenges of preference-aligned data annotation while reducing the reliance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Chengfeng Dou , Ying Zhang , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao , Haiyan Zhao , Yongqiang Zhao , Zhengwei Tao

Effective patient-provider communication is crucial in clinical care, directly impacting patient outcomes and quality of life. Traditional evaluation methods, such as human ratings, patient feedback, and provider self-assessments, are often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Zhiyuan Wang , Fangxu Yuan , Virginia LeBaron , Tabor Flickinger , Laura E. Barnes

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in healthcare, yet ensuring their ethical integrity and safety compliance remains a major barrier to clinical deployment. This work introduces a multi-agent refinement framework designed…

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of how AI-generated medical responses are perceived and evaluated by non-experts. A total of 300 participants gave evaluations for medical responses that were either written by a medical doctor…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Shruthi Shekar , Pat Pataranutaporn , Chethan Sarabu , Guillermo A. Cecchi , Pattie Maes