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Deep learning has had tremendous success at learning low-dimensional representations of high-dimensional data. This success would be impossible if there was no hidden low-dimensional structure in data of interest; this existence is posited…

While the last five years have seen considerable progress in understanding the internal representations of deep learning models, many questions remain. This is especially true when trying to understand the impact of model design choices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Henry Kvinge , Grayson Jorgenson , Davis Brown , Charles Godfrey , Tegan Emerson

Manifold learning techniques have become increasingly valuable as data continues to grow in size. By discovering a lower-dimensional representation (embedding) of the structure of a dataset, manifold learning algorithms can substantially…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Andrew Lensen , Mengjie Zhang , Bing Xue

The goal of this thesis is to improve our understanding of the internal mechanisms by which deep artificial neural networks create meaningful representations and are able to generalize. We focus on the challenge of characterizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Diego Doimo

While the manifold hypothesis is widely adopted in modern machine learning, complex data is often better modeled as stratified spaces -- unions of manifolds (strata) of varying dimensions. Stratified learning is challenging due to varying…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-14 Randy Martinez , Rong Tang , Lizhen Lin

The knowledge that data lies close to a particular submanifold of the ambient Euclidean space may be useful in a number of ways. For instance, one may want to automatically mark any point far away from the submanifold as an outlier or to…

We develop information-geometric techniques to analyze the trajectories of the predictions of deep networks during training. By examining the underlying high-dimensional probabilistic models, we reveal that the training process explores an…

We propose two graph neural network layers for graphs with features in a Riemannian manifold. First, based on a manifold-valued graph diffusion equation, we construct a diffusion layer that can be applied to an arbitrary number of nodes and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Martin Hanik , Gabriele Steidl , Christoph von Tycowicz

We consider the problem of simultaneously clustering and learning a linear representation of data lying close to a union of low-dimensional manifolds, a fundamental task in machine learning and computer vision. When the manifolds are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Tianjiao Ding , Shengbang Tong , Kwan Ho Ryan Chan , Xili Dai , Yi Ma , Benjamin D. Haeffele

High-dimensional data arises in numerous applications, and the rapidly developing field of geometric deep learning seeks to develop neural network architectures to analyze such data in non-Euclidean domains, such as graphs and manifolds.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Joyce Chew , Deanna Needell , Michael Perlmutter

Generative networks have shown remarkable success in learning complex data distributions, particularly in generating high-dimensional data from lower-dimensional inputs. While this capability is well-documented empirically, its theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Kevin Wang , Hongqian Niu , Yixin Wang , Didong Li

For manifold learning, it is assumed that high-dimensional sample/data points are embedded on a low-dimensional manifold. Usually, distances among samples are computed to capture an underlying data structure. Here we propose a metric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Fenglei Fan , Ziyu Su , Yueyang Teng , Ge Wang

System identification has greatly benefited from deep learning techniques, particularly for modeling complex, nonlinear dynamical systems with partially unknown physics where traditional approaches may not be feasible. However, deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Marco Forgione , Ankush Chakrabarty , Dario Piga , Matteo Rufolo , Alberto Bemporad

A common belief in high-dimensional data analysis is that data are concentrated on a low-dimensional manifold. This motivates simultaneous dimension reduction and regression on manifolds. We provide an algorithm for learning gradients on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-02-24 Sayan Mukherjee , Qiang Wu , Ding-Xuan Zhou

We study the multiple manifold problem, a binary classification task modeled on applications in machine vision, in which a deep fully-connected neural network is trained to separate two low-dimensional submanifolds of the unit sphere. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-07 Sam Buchanan , Dar Gilboa , John Wright

Manifold learning approaches seek the intrinsic, low-dimensional data structure within a high-dimensional space. Mainstream manifold learning algorithms, such as Isomap, UMAP, $t$-SNE, Diffusion Map, and Laplacian Eigenmaps do not use data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-04 Jake S. Rhodes

Based on the numerical manifold method principle, we developed a mathematical framework of a neural network manifold: Deep Manifold and discovered that neural networks: 1) is numerical computation combining forward and inverse; 2) have near…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Max Y. Ma , Gen-Hua Shi

In this paper, we propose a point cloud classification method based on graph neural network and manifold learning. Different from the conventional point cloud analysis methods, this paper uses manifold learning algorithms to embed point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Dinghao Yang , Wei Gao

Recently, growth in our understanding of the computations performed in both biological and artificial neural networks has largely been driven by either low-level mechanistic studies or global normative approaches. However, concrete…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-25 Michael Kuoch , Chi-Ning Chou , Nikhil Parthasarathy , Joel Dapello , James J. DiCarlo , Haim Sompolinsky , SueYeon Chung

Point cloud learning often rests on the premise that observed samples are noisy traces of an underlying geometric object, such as a manifold embedded in a high-dimensional feature space. Yet much of this geometry is not captured directly by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Bruno Trentini , Jacob Hume , Vincenzo Antonio Isoldi , Philipp Misof , Ekaterina S. Ivshina , Kelly Maggs