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Effective reasoning is crucial to solving complex mathematical problems. Recent large language models (LLMs) have boosted performance by scaling test-time computation through long chain-of-thought reasoning. However, transformer-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Junxiong Wang , Wen-Ding Li , Daniele Paliotta , Daniel Ritter , Alexander M. Rush , Tri Dao

State-space models (SSMs) and transformers dominate the language modeling landscape. However, they are constrained to a lower computational complexity than classical recurrent neural networks (RNNs), limiting their expressivity. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Mark Schöne , Babak Rahmani , Heiner Kremer , Fabian Falck , Hitesh Ballani , Jannes Gladrow

Transformers have been the most successful architecture for various speech modeling tasks, including speech separation. However, the self-attention mechanism in transformers with quadratic complexity is inefficient in computation and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-02 Xilin Jiang , Cong Han , Nima Mesgarani

Advancements in parallel processing have lead to a surge in multilayer perceptrons' (MLP) applications and deep learning in the past decades. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) give additional representational power to feedforward MLPs by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-22 Saahil Ognawala , Justin Bayer

Recent works have shown the remarkable superiority of transformer models in reinforcement learning (RL), where the decision-making problem is formulated as sequential generation. Transformer-based agents could emerge with self-improvement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Sili Huang , Jifeng Hu , Zhejian Yang , Liwei Yang , Tao Luo , Hechang Chen , Lichao Sun , Bo Yang

State-space models (SSMs), particularly Mamba, emerge as an efficient Transformer alternative with linear complexity for long-sequence modeling. Recent empirical works demonstrate Mamba's in-context learning (ICL) capabilities competitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jiarui Jiang , Wei Huang , Miao Zhang , Taiji Suzuki , Liqiang Nie

B\"uchi automata (BAs) recognize $\omega$-regular languages defined by formal specifications like linear temporal logic (LTL) and are commonly used in the verification of reactive systems. However, BAs face scalability challenges when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Charles Pert , Dalal Alrajeh , Alessandra Russo

Recent work on recursive reasoning models like TRM demonstrates that tiny networks (7M parameters) can achieve strong performance on abstract reasoning tasks through latent recursion -- iterative refinement in hidden representation space…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Wenlong Wang , Fergal Reid

While Transformers have been the main architecture behind deep learning's success in language modeling, state-space models (SSMs) such as Mamba have recently been shown to match or outperform Transformers at small to medium scale. We show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Tri Dao , Albert Gu

Learning useful information across long time lags is a critical and difficult problem for temporal neural models in tasks such as language modeling. Existing architectures that address the issue are often complex and costly to train. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Alexander G. Ororbia , Tomas Mikolov , David Reitter

Linear RNN architectures, like Mamba, can be competitive with Transformer models in language modeling while having advantageous deployment characteristics. Given the focus on training large-scale Transformer models, we consider the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Junxiong Wang , Daniele Paliotta , Avner May , Alexander M. Rush , Tri Dao

Recent advancements in multivariate time series forecasting have been propelled by Linear-based, Transformer-based, and Convolution-based models, with Transformer-based architectures gaining prominence for their efficacy in temporal and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Chaolv Zeng , Zhanyu Liu , Guanjie Zheng , Linghe Kong

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), and Memory Networks which contain memory are popularly used to learn patterns in sequential data. Sequential data has long sequences that hold relationships. RNN can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Anupiya Nugaliyadde , Kok Wai Wong , Ferdous Sohel , Hong Xie

Linear Attention (LA) offers a promising paradigm for scaling large language models (LLMs) to long sequences by avoiding the quadratic complexity of self-attention. Recent LA models such as Mamba2 and GDN interpret linear recurrences as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yulong Huang , Xiang Liu , Hongxiang Huang , Xiaopeng Lin , Zunchang Liu , Xiaowen Chu , Zeke Xie , Bojun Cheng

In recent years, Transformers have become the de-facto architecture for long-term sequence forecasting (LTSF), but faces challenges such as quadratic complexity and permutation invariant bias. A recent model, Mamba, based on selective state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xiuding Cai , Yaoyao Zhu , Xueyao Wang , Yu Yao

Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) enables fast quantitative imaging by matching signal evolutions to a predefined dictionary. However, conventional dictionary matching suffers from exponential growth in computational cost and memory…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Tianyi Ding , Hongli Chen , Yang Gao , Zhuang Xiong , Feng Liu , Martijn A. Cloos , Hongfu Sun

Recent advancements in anomaly detection have seen the efficacy of CNN- and transformer-based approaches. However, CNNs struggle with long-range dependencies, while transformers are burdened by quadratic computational complexity.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Haoyang He , Yuhu Bai , Jiangning Zhang , Qingdong He , Hongxu Chen , Zhenye Gan , Chengjie Wang , Xiangtai Li , Guanzhong Tian , Lei Xie

State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as promising alternatives to attention mechanisms, with the Mamba architecture demonstrating impressive performance and linear complexity for processing long sequences. However, the fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Tianyi Chen , Pengxiao Lin , Zhiwei Wang , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Recent advancements in imitation learning, particularly with the integration of LLM techniques, are set to significantly improve robots' dexterity and adaptability. This paper proposes using Mamba, a state-of-the-art architecture with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Toshiaki Tsuji

Recurrent neural networks are a widely used class of neural architectures. They have, however, two shortcomings. First, they are often treated as black-box models and as such it is difficult to understand what exactly they learn as well as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Cheng Wang , Carolin Lawrence , Mathias Niepert