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The challenge of optimal Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA) is significant in Elastic Optical Networks. Integrating adaptive modulation formats into the RSA problem - Routing, Modulation Level, and Spectrum Assignment - broadens…
In order to deal with the recent rapid increase in Internet traffic, a transmission technology is required to enable the efficient use of the optical fiber spectrum while offering flexibility in network bandwidth. To meet these challenges,…
Elastic Optical Network (EON) has been considered as a promising optical networking technology to architect the next-generation backbone networks. Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA) is the fundamental problem in EONs to realize service…
Using Optical Orthogonal Frequency Multiplexing (O-OFDM), variable bandwidth channels can be created in Elastic Optical Networks (EON). This allows the use of spectrum more efficiently by allocating integral multiple of basic bandwidth…
Elastic optical network (EON) efficiently utilize spectral resources for optical fiber communication by allocating the minimum necessary bandwidth to client demands. On the other hand, network traffic has been continuously increasing due to…
Exact solutions of the Routing, Modulation, and Spectrum Allocation (RMSA) problem in Elastic Optical Networks (EONs), so that the number of admitted demands is maximized while those of regenerators and frequency slots used are minimized,…
Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM) based Elastic Optical Network (EON) is one of the emerging technologies being considered for next generation high data rate optical network systems. Routing and Spectrum…
Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely applied to dynamic routing, modulation and spectrum assignment (RMSA) in optical networks, yet no prior work has trained a transformer model for this task. We attribute this to the high data and…
As a key component of low-altitude economic networks, aerial base stations (AeBSs) provide flexible and reliable wireless coverage to support 6G ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) services. However, limited spectrum…
The implementation of 5G and the future deployment of 6G necessitate the utilization of optical networks that possess substantial capacity and exhibit minimal latency. The dynamic arrival and departure of connection requests in optical…
Conventional antenna arrays rely primarily on digital beamforming for spatial control. While adding more elements can narrow beamwidth and suppress interference, such scaling incurs prohibitive hardware and power costs. Rotatable antennas…
In the past few decades, optical transport networks (OTNs) have undergone significant evolution, from the earliest wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) OTNs to elastic optical networks (EONs) and later to space-division multiplexing (SDM)…
This paper proposes DeepRMSA, a deep reinforcement learning framework for routing, modulation and spectrum assignment (RMSA) in elastic optical networks (EONs). DeepRMSA learns the correct online RMSA policies by parameterizing the policies…
We propose an alpha-fair routing and spectrum allocation (RSA) framework for reconfigurable elastic optical networks under modeled tidal traffic, that is based on the maximization of the social welfare function parameterized by a scalar…
One of the most promising solutions to deal with huge data traffic demands in large communication networks is given by flexible optical networking, in particular the flexible grid (flexgrid) technology specified in the ITU-T standard…
A deep reinforcement learning approach is applied, for the first time, to solve the routing, modulation, spectrum and core allocation (RMSCA) problem in dynamic multicore fiber elastic optical networks (MCF-EONs). To do so, a new…
This work presents ROSA, a microring-based optical neural network architecture that improves robustness and energy efficiency using an optical shift-and-add (OSA) module and a layer-wise hybrid mapping strategy. It introduces a noise-aware…
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications have been introduced to improve the communication capacity in dense wireless networks. One of the most important concerns for network designers is maintaining the high performance of the network when…
A novel framework is proposed for the deployment and passive beamforming design of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) with the aid of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology. The problem of joint deployment, phase shift…
This paper addresses the critical issue of spectrum scarcity and the need to support diverse services, including communication and learning tasks, by presenting a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided wireless network framework…