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Existing promptable segmentation methods in the medical imaging field primarily consider either textual or visual prompts to segment relevant objects, yet they often fall short when addressing anomalies in medical images, like tumors, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Zhongzhen Huang , Yankai Jiang , Rongzhao Zhang , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

To address prevalent issues in medical imaging, such as data acquisition challenges and label availability, transfer learning from natural to medical image domains serves as a viable strategy to produce reliable segmentation results.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-15 Hao Li , Han Liu , Dewei Hu , Jiacheng Wang , Ipek Oguz

Audio-visual semantic segmentation (AVSS) represents an extension of the audio-visual segmentation (AVS) task, necessitating a semantic understanding of audio-visual scenes beyond merely identifying sound-emitting objects at the visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yujian Lee , Peng Gao , Yongqi Xu , Wentao Fan

Surgical tool segmentation in endoscopic images is the first step towards pose estimation and (sub-)task automation in challenging minimally invasive surgical operations. While many approaches in the literature have shown great results…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Cristian da Costa Rocha , Nicolas Padoy , Benoit Rosa

While promptable segmentation (\textit{e.g.}, SAM) has shown promise for various segmentation tasks, it still requires manual visual prompts for each object to be segmented. In contrast, task-generic promptable segmentation aims to reduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Chao Yin , Hao Li , Kequan Yang , Jide Li , Pinpin Zhu , Xiaoqiang Li

Automated nodule segmentation is essential for computer-assisted diagnosis in ultrasound images. Nevertheless, most existing methods depend on precise pixel-level annotations by medical professionals, a process that is both costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Xingyue Zhao , Peiqi Li , Xiangde Luo , Meng Yang , Shi Chang , Zhongyu Li

Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a foundation model for semantic segmentation and shows excellent generalization capability with the prompts. In this empirical study, we investigate the robustness and zero-shot generalizability of the SAM in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-01 An Wang , Mobarakol Islam , Mengya Xu , Yang Zhang , Hongliang Ren

Robot-assisted surgeries rely on accurate and real-time scene understanding to safely guide surgical instruments. However, segmentation models trained on static datasets face key limitations when deployed in these dynamic and evolving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Julia Hindel , Ema Mekic , Enamundram Naga Karthik , Rohit Mohan , Daniele Cattaneo , Maria Kalweit , Abhinav Valada

Segmentation is a fundamental task in computer vision, with prompt-driven methods gaining prominence due to their flexibility. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) excels at point-prompted segmentation, while text-based models, often leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Suzhe Xu , Jialin Peng , Chengyuan Zhang

Real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR) has achieved a remarkable leap by leveraging large-scale text-to-image models, enabling realistic image restoration from given recognition textual prompts. However, these methods sometimes fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Jiahua Xiao , Jiawei Zhang , Dongqing Zou , Xiaodan Zhang , Jimmy Ren , Xing Wei

Promptable segmentation models (e.g., the Segment Anything Models) enable generalizable, zero-shot segmentation across diverse domains. Although predictions are deterministic for a fixed image-prompt pair, the robustness of these models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Elodie Germani , Krystel Nyangoh-Timoh , Pierre Jannin , John S H Baxter

Real-time tool segmentation from endoscopic videos is an essential part of many computer-assisted robotic surgical systems and of critical importance in robotic surgical data science. We propose two novel deep learning architectures for…

Precisely locating and segmenting medical instruments in images of minimally invasive surgeries, medical instrument segmentation, is an essential first step for several tasks in medical image processing. However, image degradations, small…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Christian Wilms , Alexander Michael Gerlach , Rüdiger Schmitz , Simone Frintrop

Open-vocabulary object detection in remote sensing commonly relies on text-only prompting to specify target categories, implicitly assuming that inference-time category queries can be reliably grounded through pretraining-induced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shuai Yang , Ziyue Huang , Jiaxin Chen , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

Radiotherapy-induced normal tissue injury is a clinically important complication, and accurate segmentation of injury regions from medical images could facilitate disease assessment, treatment planning, and longitudinal monitoring. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Caiwen Jiang , Lei Zeng , Wei Liu

Although the Segment Anything Model (SAM) is highly effective in natural image segmentation, it requires dependencies on prompts, which limits its applicability to medical imaging where manual prompts are often unavailable. Existing efforts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Mengmeng Zhang , Xingyuan Dai , Yicheng Sun , Jing Wang , Yueyang Yao , Xiaoyan Gong , Fuze Cong , Feiyue Wang , Yisheng Lv

Although perception systems have made remarkable advancements in recent years, they still rely on explicit human instruction or pre-defined categories to identify the target objects before executing visual recognition tasks. Such systems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Xin Lai , Zhuotao Tian , Yukang Chen , Yanwei Li , Yuhui Yuan , Shu Liu , Jiaya Jia

Detection, tracking, and pose estimation of surgical instruments are crucial tasks for computer assistance during minimally invasive robotic surgery. In the majority of cases, the first step is the automatic segmentation of surgical tools.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Daniil Pakhomov , Vittal Premachandran , Max Allan , Mahdi Azizian , Nassir Navab

Surgical instrument segmentation for robot-assisted surgery is needed for accurate instrument tracking and augmented reality overlays. Therefore, the topic has been the subject of a number of recent papers in the CAI community. Deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Megha Kalia , Tajwar Abrar Aleef , Nassir Navab , Septimiu E. Salcudean

Image segmentation is usually addressed by training a model for a fixed set of object classes. Incorporating additional classes or more complex queries later is expensive as it requires re-training the model on a dataset that encompasses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Timo Lüddecke , Alexander S. Ecker