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Machine Learning (ML) Engineering is a growing field that necessitates an increase in the rigor of ML development. It draws many ideas from software engineering and more specifically, from requirements engineering. Existing literature on ML…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Lynn Vonderhaar , Juan Couder , Daryela Cisneros , Omar Ochoa

Formal specifications play a pivotal role in accurately characterizing program behaviors and ensuring software correctness. In recent years, leveraging large language models (LLMs) for the automatic generation of program specifications has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zehan Chen , Long Zhang , Zhiwei Zhang , JingJing Zhang , Ruoyu Zhou , Yulong Shen , JianFeng Ma , Lin Yang

Research shows, that the major issue in development of quality software is precise estimation. Further this estimation depends upon the degree of intricacy inherent in the software i.e. complexity. This paper attempts to empirically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2010-06-16 Ashish Sharma , D. S. Kushwaha

Schemas play a vital role in ensuring data quality and supporting usability in the Semantic Web and natural language processing. Traditionally, their creation demands substantial involvement from knowledge engineers and domain experts.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Bohui Zhang , Yuan He , Lydia Pintscher , Albert Meroño Peñuela , Elena Simperl

Software systems usually provide numerous configuration options that can affect performance metrics such as execution time, memory usage, binary size, or bitrate. On the one hand, making informed decisions is challenging and requires domain…

Knowledge Graphs (KG) provide us with a structured, flexible, transparent, cross-system, and collaborative way of organizing our knowledge and data across various domains in society and industrial as well as scientific disciplines. KGs…

Complementing natural language (NL) requirements with graphical models can improve stakeholders' communication and provide directions for system design. However, creating models from requirements involves manual effort. The advent of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Alessio Ferrari , Sallam Abualhaija , Chetan Arora

Modern language models (LMs) pose a new challenge in capability assessment. Static benchmarks inevitably saturate without providing confidence in the deployment tolerances of LM-based systems, but developers nonetheless claim that their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Michael Saxon , Ari Holtzman , Peter West , William Yang Wang , Naomi Saphra

Query understanding is essential in modern relevance systems, where user queries are often short, ambiguous, and highly context-dependent. Traditional approaches often rely on multiple task-specific Named Entity Recognition models to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Ping Liu , Jianqiang Shen , Qianqi Shen , Chunnan Yao , Kevin Kao , Dan Xu , Rajat Arora , Baofen Zheng , Caleb Johnson , Liangjie Hong , Jingwei Wu , Wenjing Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful tools capable of handling diverse tasks. Comparing and selecting appropriate LLMs for specific tasks requires systematic evaluation methods, as models exhibit varying capabilities across different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anna Sokol , Elizabeth Daly , Michael Hind , David Piorkowski , Xiangliang Zhang , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh Chawla

This research explores the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for automating the extraction of requirement-related legal content in the food safety domain and checking legal compliance of regulatory artifacts. With Industry 4.0…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Shabnam Hassani

Knowledge engineering is the process of creating and maintaining knowledge-producing systems. Throughout the history of computer science and AI, knowledge engineering workflows have been widely used because high-quality knowledge is assumed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Bradley P. Allen , Filip Ilievski , Saurav Joshi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in academic writing practices. Although numerous studies have explored how researchers employ these tools for scientific writing, their concrete implementation, limitations, and design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Brenda Nogueira , Werner Geyer , Andrew Anderson , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Dongwhi Kim , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh V. Chawla

Autoformalization, the process of translating informal statements into formal logic, has gained renewed interest with the emergence of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs show promise in generating structured outputs from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mihir Gupte , Ramesh S

The growing popularity and widespread use of software applications (apps) across various domains have driven rapid industry growth. Along with this growth, fast-paced market changes have led to constantly evolving software requirements.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Pragyan KC , Rambod Ghandiparsi , Thomas Herron , John Heaps , Mitra Bokaei Hosseini

It is a long-standing desire of industry and research to automate the software development and testing process as much as possible. In this process, requirements engineering (RE) plays a fundamental role for all other steps that build on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Viju Sudhi , Libin Kutty , Robin Gröpler

Today, many industrial processes are undergoing digital transformation, which often requires the integration of well-understood domain models and state-of-the-art machine learning technology in business processes. However, requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Zhongyi Pei , Lin Liu , Chen Wang , Jianmin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate requirements specifications, design documents, code, and test cases. In contrast, much less attention has been given to a more difficult assurance problem: statically verifying…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhi Quan Zhou , Dave Towey , Tsong Yueh Chen

High-quality requirements minimize the risk of propagating defects to later stages of the software development life cycle. Achieving a sufficient level of quality is a major goal of requirements engineering. This requires a clear definition…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Julian Frattini , Lloyd Montgomery , Jannik Fischbach , Daniel Mendez , Davide Fucci , Michael Unterkalmsteiner

Machine Learning (ML) is an application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that uses big data to produce complex predictions and decision-making systems, which would be challenging to obtain otherwise. To ensure the success of ML-enabled…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Khan Mohammad Habibullah , Jennifer Horkoff