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It is known that the assumption that ``GCH first fails at \aleph_{\omega}'' leads to large cardinals in ZFC. Gitik and Koepke have demonstrated that this is not so in ZF: namely there is a generic cardinal-preserving extension of L (or any…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-08-23 Vladimir Kanovei

While many inner model theoretic combinatorial principles are incompatible with large cardinal axioms, on some rare occasions, large cardinals actually imply that the structure of the universe of sets is analogous to the canonical inner…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-02-19 Gabriel Goldberg

A proof will be presented that the existence of a non-trivial $\Sigma_1$-elementary embedding $j: V_{\lambda+3} \prec V_{\lambda+3}$ is inconsistent with $\textsf{ZF}$. Sections 1 and 2 shall review various important contributions from the…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Rupert McCallum

We show that Dependent Choice is a sufficient choice principle for developing the basic theory of proper forcing, and for deriving generic absoluteness for the Chang model in the presence of large cardinals, even with respect to…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 David Asperó , Asaf Karagila

We discuss some well-known compactness principles for uncountable structures of small regular sizes ($\omega_n$ for $2 \le n<\omega$, $\aleph_{\omega+1}$, $\aleph_{\omega^2+1}$, etc.), consistent from weakly compact (the size-restricted…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Radek Honzik

Recently the second author introduced combinatorial principles that characterize supercompactness for inaccessible cardinals but can also hold true for small cardinals. We prove that the proper forcing axiom PFA implies these principles…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-12-10 Matteo Viale , Christoph Weiß

We introduce the strongly uplifting cardinals, which are equivalently characterized, we prove, as the superstrongly unfoldable cardinals and also as the almost hugely unfoldable cardinals, and we show that their existence is equiconsistent…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-11-03 Joel David Hamkins , Thomas A. Johnstone

A cardinal $\lambda$ satisfies a property P robustly if, whenever $\mathbb{Q}$ is a forcing poset and $|\mathbb{Q}|^+ < \lambda$, $\lambda$ satisfies P in $V^{\mathbb{Q}}$. We study the extent to which certain reflection properties of large…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-10-19 Chris Lambie-Hanson

Motivated by results of Bagaria, Magidor and V\"a\"an\"anen, we study characterizations of large cardinal properties through reflection principles for classes of structures. More specifically, we aim to characterize notions from the lower…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Philipp Lücke

We introduce (super-$C^{(\infty)}$-)Laver-generic large cardinal axioms for extendibility ((super-$C^{(\infty)}$-)LgLCAs for extendible, for short), and show that most of the previously known consequences of the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-06-26 Sakaé Fuchino

The existence of End Elementary Extensions of models M of ZFC is related to the ordinal height of M, according to classical results due to Keisler, Morley and Silver. In this paper, we further investigate the connection between the height…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Andres Villaveces

The manuscript is concerned with the Rudin-Keisler order of ultrafilters on measurable cardinals. The main theorem proved read as follows: Given regular cardinals $\lambda\leq \kappa$, the following theories are equiconsistent modulo ZFC:…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Yair Hayut , Alejandro Poveda

The purpose of this paper is to provide an introductory overview of the large cardinal hierarchy in set theory. By a large cardinal, we mean any cardinal $\kappa$ whose existence is strong enough of an assumption to prove the consistency of…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-05-05 Rohan Srivastava

We prove, via transfinite recursion, the existence, inside any linearly ordered set of appropriate regular cardinality $\lambda$, of a particular kind of well-ordered subsets characterized by the property of $\lambda$-fullness. Let $H$ be a…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Gabriele Gullà

We prove a result concerning elementary embeddings of the set-theoretic universe into itself (Reinhardt embeddings) and functions on ordinals that "eventually dominate" such embeddings. We apply that result to show the existence of…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-05-02 Marwan Salam Mohammd

In this paper, we consider certain cardinals in ZF (set theory without AC, the Axiom of Choice). In ZFC (set theory with AC), given any cardinals C and D, either C <= D or D <= C. However, in ZF this is no longer so. For a given infinite…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Lorenz Halbeisen , Saharon Shelah

We analyze the notion of guessing model, a way to assign combinatorial properties to arbitrary regular cardinals. Guessing models can be used, in combination with inaccessibility, to characterize various large cardinals axioms, ranging from…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-10-11 Matteo Viale

We show that Vopenka's Principle and Vopenka cardinals are indestructible under reverse Easton forcing iterations of increasingly directed-closed partial orders, without the need for any preparatory forcing. As a consequence, we are able to…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-02-28 Andrew D. Brooke-Taylor

We show that it is consistent relative to ZF, that there is no well-ordering of $\mathbb{R}$ while a wide class of special sets of reals such as Hamel bases, transcendence bases, Vitali sets or Bernstein sets exists. To be more precise, we…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-08-02 Jonathan Schilhan

We show that Weak Vop\v{e}nka's Principle, which is the statement that the opposite category of ordinals cannot be fully embedded into the category of graphs, is equivalent to the large cardinal principle Ord is Woodin, which says that for…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-01-27 Trevor M. Wilson