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Reinforcement Learning aims at identifying and evaluating efficient control policies from data. In many real-world applications, the learner is not allowed to experiment and cannot gather data in an online manner (this is the case when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Daniele Foffano , Alessio Russo , Alexandre Proutiere

Pre-trained large language models, such as GPT\nobreakdash-2 and BERT, are often fine-tuned to achieve state-of-the-art performance on a downstream task. One natural example is the ``Smart Reply'' application where a pre-trained model is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Bargav Jayaraman , Esha Ghosh , Melissa Chase , Sambuddha Roy , Wei Dai , David Evans

A fine-grained provenance-based access control policy model is proposed in this paper, in order to improve the express performance of existing model. This method employs provenance as conditions to determine whether a piece of data can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Xinyu Fan , Faen Zhang , Jianfei Song , Jingming Guo , Fujie Gao

Traditional authorization policies are user-centric, in the sense that authorization is defined, ultimately, in terms of user identities. We believe that this user-centric approach is inappropriate for many applications, and that what…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-06-20 Jason Crampton , James Sellwood

Data retrieval systems such as online search engines and online social networks must comply with the privacy policies of personal and selectively shared data items, regulatory policies regarding data retention and censorship, and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Eslam Elnikety , Deepak Garg , Peter Druschel

Relation Extraction (RE) aims to label relations between groups of marked entities in raw text. Most current RE models learn context-aware representations of the target entities that are then used to establish relation between them. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Gaurav Singh , Parminder Bhatia

One weakness of Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is its sample efficiency which can be addressed by building and using state and/or action abstractions in parallel to the tree search such that information can be shared among nodes of the same…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Robin Schmöcker , Alexander Dockhorn , Bodo Rosenhahn

Use case specifications have successfully been used for requirements description. They allow joining, in the same modeling space, the expectations of the stakeholders as well as the needs of the software engineer and analyst involved in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-04-04 Rui Couto , António Nestor Ribeiro , José Creissac Campos

For enhancing the privacy protections of databases, where the increasing amount of detailed personal data is stored and processed, multiple mechanisms have been developed, such as audit logging and alert triggers, which notify…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-23 Chao Yan , Bo Li , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Aron Laszka , Daniel Fabbri , Bradley Malin

Off-policy evaluation (OPE) is the problem of evaluating new policies using historical data obtained from a different policy. In the recent OPE context, most studies have focused on single-player cases, and not on multi-player cases. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Kenshi Abe , Yusuke Kaneko

In real-world recommender systems and search engines, optimizing ranking decisions to present a ranked list of relevant items is critical. Off-policy evaluation (OPE) for ranking policies is thus gaining a growing interest because it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-04 Haruka Kiyohara , Yuta Saito , Tatsuya Matsuhiro , Yusuke Narita , Nobuyuki Shimizu , Yasuo Yamamoto

Policy gradient methods are widely adopted reinforcement learning algorithms for tasks with continuous action spaces. These methods succeeded in many application domains, however, because of their notorious sample inefficiency their use…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-20 Davide Mambelli , Stephan Bongers , Onno Zoeter , Matthijs T. J. Spaan , Frans A. Oliehoek

Off-policy evaluation learns a target policy's value with a historical dataset generated by a different behavior policy. In addition to a point estimate, many applications would benefit significantly from having a confidence interval (CI)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-09 Chengchun Shi , Runzhe Wan , Victor Chernozhukov , Rui Song

In the area of networks, a common method to enforce a security policy expressed in a high-level language is based on an ad-hoc and manual rewriting process. We argue that it is possible to build a formal link between concrete and abstract…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-04-12 Nicolas Stouls , Marie-Laure Potet

Reinforcement learning policies are often represented by neural networks, but programmatic policies are preferred in some cases because they are more interpretable, amenable to formal verification, or generalize better. While efficient…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Rasmus Larsen , Mikkel Nørgaard Schmidt

In recent years, significant progress has been made in multi-objective reinforcement learning (RL) research, which aims to balance multiple objectives by incorporating preferences for each objective. In most existing studies, specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Qian Lin , Zongkai Liu , Danying Mo , Chao Yu

Despite the close connection between exploration and sample efficiency, most state of the art reinforcement learning algorithms include no considerations for exploration beyond maximizing the entropy of the policy. In this work we address…

Document-level relation extraction (DocRE) is a task that focuses on identifying relations between entities within a document. However, existing DocRE models often overlook the correlation between relations and lack a quantitative analysis…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Yusheng Huang , Zhouhan Lin

Secure by Design has become the mainstream development approach ensuring that software systems are not vulnerable to cyberattacks. Architectural security controls need to be carefully monitored over the software development life cycle to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Ahmet Okutan , Ali Shokri , Viktoria Koscinski , Mohamad Fazelinia , Mehdi Mirakhorli

Providing functionalities that allow online social network users to manage in a secure and private way the publication of their information and/or resources is a relevant and far from trivial topic that has been under scrutiny from various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-07-11 Stefano Braghin , Vincenzo Iovino , Giuseppe Persiano , Alberto Trombetta