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Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown promise in streamlining hardware design processes by encapsulating vast amounts of domain-specific data. In addition, they allow users to interact with the design processes through natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yongan Zhang , Zhongzhi Yu , Yonggan Fu , Cheng Wan , Yingyan Celine Lin

Cost of serving large language models (LLM) is high, but the expensive and scarce GPUs are poorly efficient when generating tokens sequentially, unless the batch of sequences is enlarged. However, the batch size is limited by some…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jiaao He , Jidong Zhai

Pipeline Parallelism (PP) serves as a crucial technique for training Large Language Models (LLMs), owing to its capability to alleviate memory pressure from model states with relatively low communication overhead. However, in long-context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zhouyang Li , Yuliang Liu , Wei Zhang , Tailing Yuan , Bin Chen , Chengru Song , Di Zhang

Data profiling is critical in machine learning for generating descriptive statistics, supporting both deeper understanding and downstream tasks like data valuation and curation. This work addresses profiling specifically in the context of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Pankaj Thorat , Adnan Qidwai , Adrija Dhar , Aishwariya Chakraborty , Anand Eswaran , Hima Patel , Praveen Jayachandran

High-quality training data is critical to the performance of large language models (LLMs). Recent work has explored using LLMs to rate and select data based on a small set of human-designed criteria (rules), but these approaches often rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Xiaomin Li , Mingye Gao , Zhiwei Zhang , Chang Yue , Hong Hu

The high memory and computation demand of large language models (LLMs) makes them challenging to be deployed on consumer devices due to limited GPU memory. Offloading can mitigate the memory constraint but often suffers from low GPU…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Yangyijian Liu , Jun Li , Wu-Jun Li

Limited by the scale and diversity of time series data, the neural networks trained on time series data often overfit and show unsatisfacotry performances. In comparison, large language models (LLMs) recently exhibit impressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Ruibing Jin , Qing Xu , Min Wu , Yuecong Xu , Dan Li , Xiaoli Li , Zhenghua Chen

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with limited data poses a practical challenge in low-resource languages, specialized domains, and constrained deployment settings. While pre-trained LLMs provide strong foundations, effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Marton Szep , Daniel Rueckert , Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe , Florian Hinterwimmer

Recent breakthroughs in Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various tasks. The immense sizes of LLMs have led to very high resource demand and cost for running the models. Though the models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Juntao Zhao , Borui Wan , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Chuan Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success through imitation learning on vast text corpora, but this paradigm creates a training-generation gap and limits robust reasoning. Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhepeng Cen , Haolin Chen , Shiyu Wang , Zuxin Liu , Zhiwei Liu , Jielin Qiu , Ding Zhao , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Huan Wang , Weiran Yao

Probabilistic Programming Languages (PPLs) are a powerful tool in machine learning, allowing highly expressive generative models to be expressed succinctly. They couple complex inference algorithms, implemented by the language, with an…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Alexander Collins , Vinod Grover

Recently, there has been a surge in the development of advanced intelligent generative content (AIGC), especially large language models (LLMs). However, for many downstream tasks, it is necessary to fine-tune LLMs using private data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Zihan Fang , Zheng Lin , Zhe Chen , Xianhao Chen , Yue Gao , Yuguang Fang

As large language models (LLMs) scale out with tensor parallelism (TP) and pipeline parallelism (PP) and production stacks have aggressively optimized the data plane (attention/GEMM and KV cache), sampling, the decision plane that turns…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Bohan Zhao , Zane Cao , Yongchao He

This paper explores the utilization of LLMs for data preprocessing (DP), a crucial step in the data mining pipeline that transforms raw data into a clean format conducive to easy processing. Whereas the use of LLMs has sparked interest in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Haochen Zhang , Yuyang Dong , Chuan Xiao , Masafumi Oyamada

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Despite advances in machine learning (ML) and large language models (LLMs), rule-based natural language processing (NLP) systems remain active in clinical settings due to their interpretability and operational efficiency. However, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Jianlin Shi , Brian T. Bucher

Large Language Models (LLMs), typified by OpenAI's GPT, have marked a significant advancement in artificial intelligence. Trained on vast amounts of text data, LLMs are capable of understanding and generating human-like text across a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haochen Zhang , Yuyang Dong , Chuan Xiao , Masafumi Oyamada

Serving Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical for AI-powered applications, yet it demands substantial computational resources, particularly in memory bandwidth and computational throughput. Low-precision computation has emerged as a key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yaoyao Ding , Bohan Hou , Xiao Zhang , Allan Lin , Tianqi Chen , Cody Yu Hao , Yida Wang , Gennady Pekhimenko

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for recommendation has recently garnered considerable attention, where fine-tuning plays a key role in LLMs' adaptation. However, the cost of fine-tuning LLMs on rapidly expanding recommendation data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Xinyu Lin , Wenjie Wang , Yongqi Li , Shuo Yang , Fuli Feng , Yinwei Wei , Tat-Seng Chua

Machine Learning (ML) is increasingly used to automate impactful decisions, which leads to concerns regarding their correctness, reliability, and fairness. We envision highly-automated software platforms to assist data scientists with…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Stefan Grafberger