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Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting for language models demonstrates impressive performance across reasoning tasks, but typically needs labeled exemplars of the reasoning process. In this work, we introduce a new prompting approach, analogical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Michihiro Yasunaga , Xinyun Chen , Yujia Li , Panupong Pasupat , Jure Leskovec , Percy Liang , Ed H. Chi , Denny Zhou

Word embeddings are a powerful approach for analyzing language and have been widely popular in numerous tasks in information retrieval and text mining. Training embeddings over huge corpora is computationally expensive because the input is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Avishek Anand , Megha Khosla , Jaspreet Singh , Jan-Hendrik Zab , Zijian Zhang

Work done to uncover the knowledge encoded within pre-trained language models rely on annotated corpora or human-in-the-loop methods. However, these approaches are limited in terms of scalability and the scope of interpretation. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Basel Mousi , Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi

This study pioneers the use of synthetically generated data for training generative models in document-level text simplification of German texts. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach with real-world online texts. Addressing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Lars Klöser , Mika Beele , Jan-Niklas Schagen , Bodo Kraft

Heaps' law is an empirical relation in text analysis that predicts vocabulary growth as a function of corpus size. While this law has been validated in diverse human-authored text corpora, its applicability to large language model generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Uyen Lai , Gurjit S. Randhawa , Paul Sheridan

With their remarkably improved text generation and prompting capabilities, large language models can adapt existing written information into forms that are easier to use and understand. In our work, we focus on recipes as an example of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Alyssa Hwang , Bryan Li , Zhaoyi Hou , Dan Roth

We describe two systems currently being developed that use large language models for the automatized correction of (i) exercises in translating back and forth between natural language and the languages of propositional logic and first-order…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Merlin Carl

With the ongoing growth in number of digital articles in a wider set of languages and the expanding use of different languages, we need annotation methods that enable browsing multi-lingual corpora. Multilingual probabilistic topic models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Carlos Badenes-Olmedo , Jose-Luis Redondo García , Oscar Corcho

Large-language models have recently demonstrated impressive zero-shot capabilities in a variety of natural language tasks such as summarization, dialogue generation, and question-answering. Despite many promising applications in clinical…

Synthetic users are cost-effective proxies for real users in the evaluation of conversational recommender systems. Large language models show promise in simulating human-like behavior, raising the question of their ability to represent a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Se-eun Yoon , Zhankui He , Jessica Maria Echterhoff , Julian McAuley

We present a new challenge to examine whether large language models understand social norms. In contrast to existing datasets, our dataset requires a fundamental understanding of social norms to solve. Our dataset features the largest set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ye Yuan , Kexin Tang , Jianhao Shen , Ming Zhang , Chenguang Wang

Previous work has demonstrated that AI methods for analysing scientific literature benefit significantly from annotating sentences in papers according to their rhetorical roles, such as research gaps, results, limitations, extensions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Francisco Bolaños , Angelo Salatino , Francesco Osborne , Enrico Motta

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in AI-based tutoring systems. Can they faithfully model novice reasoning and metacognitive judgments? Existing evaluations emphasize problem-solving accuracy, overlooking the fragmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Conrad Borchers , Jill-Jênn Vie , Roger Azevedo

Large language models (LLMs) require reliable evaluation from pre-training to test-time scaling, making evaluation a recurring rather than one-off cost. As model scales grow and target tasks increasingly demand expert annotators, both the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zeli Liu , Jiancheng Zhang , Cong Liu , Yinglun Zhu

Technology for open-ended language generation, a key application of artificial intelligence, has advanced to a great extent in recent years. Large-scale language models, which are trained on large corpora of text, are being used in a wide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Saketh Reddy Karra , Son The Nguyen , Theja Tulabandhula

Large language models are a form of artificial intelligence systems whose primary knowledge consists of the statistical patterns, semantic relationships, and syntactical structures of language1. Despite their limited forms of "knowledge",…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Yizhen Zheng , Huan Yee Koh , Jiaxin Ju , Anh T. N. Nguyen , Lauren T. May , Geoffrey I. Webb , Shirui Pan

Deductive coding is a common discourse analysis method widely used by learning science and learning analytics researchers for understanding teaching and learning interactions. It often requires researchers to manually label all discourses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Lishan Zhang , Han Wu , Xiaoshan Huang , Tengfei Duan , Hanxiang Du

Skill routing is an important component in large-scale conversational systems. In contrast to traditional rule-based skill routing, state-of-the-art systems use a model-based approach to enable natural conversations. To provide supervision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Mohammad Kachuee , Jinseok Nam , Sarthak Ahuja , Jin-Myung Won , Sungjin Lee

We fine-tune large language models to write natural language critiques (natural language critical comments) using behavioral cloning. On a topic-based summarization task, critiques written by our models help humans find flaws in summaries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-15 William Saunders , Catherine Yeh , Jeff Wu , Steven Bills , Long Ouyang , Jonathan Ward , Jan Leike

In this paper, we study the ability of large language models to learn specific mathematical rules such as distributivity or simplifying equations. We present an empirical analysis of their ability to generalize these rules, as well as to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Antoine Gorceix , Bastien Le Chenadec , Ahmad Rammal , Nelson Vadori , Manuela Veloso