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With increasing size of large language models (LLMs), full-parameter fine-tuning imposes substantial memory demands. To alleviate this, we propose a novel memory-efficient training paradigm called Momentum Low-rank compression (MLorc). The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wei Shen , Zhang Yaxiang , Minhui Huang , Mengfan Xu , Jiawei Zhang , Cong Shen

Low-rank optimization has emerged as a promising approach to enabling memory-efficient training of large language models (LLMs). Existing low-rank optimization methods typically project gradients onto a low-rank subspace, reducing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Haochen Zhang , Junze Yin , Guanchu Wang , Zirui Liu , Lin F. Yang , Tianyi Zhang , Anshumali Shrivastava , Vladimir Braverman

Large language models (LLMs) face significant token efficiency bottlenecks in code generation and logical reasoning tasks, a challenge that directly impacts inference cost and model interpretability. This paper proposes a formal framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Lumen AI , Tengzhou No. 1 Middle School , Shihao Ji , Zihui Song , Fucheng Zhong , Jisen Jia , Zhaobo Wu , Zheyi Cao , Tianhao Xu

Pretraining large language models (LLMs) on vast and heterogeneous datasets is crucial for achieving state-of-the-art performance across diverse downstream tasks. However, current training paradigms treat all samples equally, overlooking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Daouda Sow , Herbert Woisetschläger , Saikiran Bulusu , Shiqiang Wang , Hans-Arno Jacobsen , Yingbin Liang

Low-rank adaption (LoRA) is a representative method in the field of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), and is key to Democratizating the modern large language models (LLMs). The vanilla LoRA is implemented with uniform ranks, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yi Zhao , Qinghua Yao , Xinyuan song , Wei Zhu

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a cost-effective way to incorporate information from a specific dataset. However, when a problem requires incorporating information from multiple datasets - as in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Liyi Zhang , Jake Snell , Thomas L. Griffiths

The recent success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has gained significant attention in both academia and industry. Substantial efforts have been made to enhance the zero- and few-shot generalization capabilities of open-source LLMs through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Zongxi Li , Xianming Li , Yuzhang Liu , Haoran Xie , Jing Li , Fu-lee Wang , Qing Li , Xiaoqin Zhong

Efficient methods for storing and querying are critical for scaling high-order n-gram language models to large corpora. We propose a language model based on compressed suffix trees, a representation that is highly compact and can be easily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-17 Ehsan Shareghi , Matthias Petri , Gholamreza Haffari , Trevor Cohn

Efficient adaption of large language models (LLMs) on edge devices is essential for applications requiring continuous and privacy-preserving adaptation and inference. However, existing tuning techniques fall short because of the high…

Large language models have recently achieved state of the art performance across a wide variety of natural language tasks. Meanwhile, the size of these models and their latency have significantly increased, which makes their usage costly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Ziheng Wang , Jeremy Wohlwend , Tao Lei

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) often impose limitations on the length of the text input to ensure the generation of fluent and relevant responses. This constraint restricts their applicability in scenarios involving long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Weizhi Fei , Xueyan Niu , Pingyi Zhou , Lu Hou , Bo Bai , Lei Deng , Wei Han

The rapid increase in networked systems and data transmission requires advanced data compression solutions to optimize bandwidth utilization and enhance network performance. This study introduces a novel byte-level predictive model using…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Xuanhao Luo , Zhiyuan Peng , Zhouyu Li , Ruozhou Yu , Yuchen Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are known for their exceptional performance in natural language processing, making them highly effective in many human life-related or even job-related tasks. The attention mechanism in the Transformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Shuai Li , Zhao Song , Yu Xia , Tong Yu , Tianyi Zhou

Many self-attention sublayers in large language models (LLMs) can be removed with little to no loss. We attribute this to the Attention Suppression Hypothesis: during pre-training, some deep attention layers learn to mute their own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Dhananjay Saikumar , Blesson Varghese

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) and storing them for each downstream task or domain is impractical because of the massive model size (e.g., 350GB in GPT-3). Current literature, such as LoRA, showcases the potential of low-rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Soroush Abbasi Koohpayegani , KL Navaneet , Parsa Nooralinejad , Soheil Kolouri , Hamed Pirsiavash

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a standard approach to adapting large language models (LLMs) to new domains. In this work, we improve the statistical efficiency of SFT by selecting an informative subset of training examples. Specifically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Rohan Deb , Kiran Thekumparampil , Kousha Kalantari , Gaurush Hiranandani , Shoham Sabach , Branislav Kveton

We explore efficient strategies to fine-tune decoder-only Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream text classification under resource constraints. Two approaches are investigated: (1) attaching a classification head to a pretrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Amirhossein Yousefiramandi , Ciaran Cooney

Pre-training Large Language Models (LLMs) on web-scale datasets becomes fundamental for advancing general-purpose AI. In contrast, enhancing their predictive performance on downstream tasks typically involves adapting their knowledge…

This paper introduces EdgeProfiler, a fast profiling framework designed for evaluating lightweight Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge systems. While LLMs offer remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Alyssa Pinnock , Shakya Jayakody , Kawsher A Roxy , Md Rubel Ahmed

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has spurred significant progress in Large Speech-Language Models (LSLMs), enhancing their capabilities in both speech understanding and generation. While existing LSLMs often concentrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Shoutao Guo , Shaolei Zhang , Qingkai Fang , Zhengrui Ma , Min Zhang , Yang Feng
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